The Longevity Effect

Nov 26, 2025

Morgan Stanley leaders discuss how the world’s aging population represents challenges, but also opportunities for businesses and investors.

Key Takeaways

  • As Americans aged 55 or older control an estimated $124 trillion—73% of the total wealth in the U.S.—asset and wealth managers can expand with new products and services for this demographic.
  • In real estate, senior living is a key growth area as the growing population aged 80 years old or more seeks housing offering more healthcare services and social interaction.
  • Governments need to adjust policy—including initiatives to encourage longer working lives and technology—to counter the negative impacts of longevity on economic growth.

As global life expectancy continues to rise, longevity is emerging as one of the most transformative demographic and macroeconomic forces of our time. With people living longer than ever before, the implications for economies, industries and individuals are profound—presenting both challenges and opportunities.

 

A recent Morgan Stanley roundtable discussion explored these themes. Moderated by Anthea Tjuanakis Cox, Head of Financial Planning at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management, the panel featured insights from:

 

  • Betsy Graseck, Global Head of Banks and Diversified Finance Research
  • Lauren Hochfelder, Co-CEO, Morgan Stanley Real Estate Investing
  • Ellen Zentner, Chief Economic Strategist and Global Head of Thematic and Macro Investing

 

Watch some of the highlights for perspectives across Morgan Stanley on key aspects of longevity and its implications for economies, policy, finance and real estate.

From Demographic Fact to Economic Force

From an investment perspective, longevity is driving change across sectors including healthcare, technology, consumer goods and housing. On a macroeconomic level, longer lifespans may intensify pressure on labor markets and government debt, while raising broader questions about purpose and productivity over extended career trajectories.

Anthea: from my perspective, the 20th century was built around accumulation. And the 21st century story may be more about allocation of capital, of care and of time, and we're entering an age where longevity isn't just a demographic fact, it's more of an economic force.

 

Ellen: What does that mean when the those that are 55 and older control an estimated $124 trillion in the US or 73% of total wealth is controlled just by those ages 55 and older?

 

Betsy: What we are looking at here is opportunities for asset managers and wealth managers to leverage their deep talents to address the needs of the population as longevity Unfolds

 

Lauren: The bottom line is at a time with so much uncertainty and one thing we are quite certain about as people are getting older and with that their real estate needs change. Whether that's housing—and you think about millennials needing more space boomers needing more services.

Transcript

Anthea: from my perspective, the 20th century was built around accumulation. And the 21st century story may be more about allocation of capital, of care and of time, and we're entering an age where longevity isn't just a demographic fact, it's more of an economic force.

 

Ellen: What does that mean when the those that are 55 and older control an estimated $124 trillion in the US or 73% of total wealth is controlled just by those ages 55 and older?

 

Betsy: What we are looking at here is opportunities for asset managers and wealth managers to leverage their deep talents to address the needs of the population as longevity Unfolds

 

Lauren: The bottom line is at a time with so much uncertainty and one thing we are quite certain about as people are getting older and with that their real estate needs change. Whether that's housing—and you think about millennials needing more space boomers needing more services.

The Critical Role of Policy

Over the past century, the global population has had improved access to healthcare, food, hygiene, nutrition and exercise—leading up to a jump in life expectancy from around 32 years back in 1900 to 73 in 2023. But an aging population combined with declining birth rates can reduce the number of people available to work.

 

“Participation rates in the labor market are going to fall because more of your population is aging,” Zentner said. “Then you need to offset that with immigration and technological innovation. Smart policy can help counteract the economic drag of aging demographics.”

 

Zentner emphasized the importance of policies that support longer working lives and social systems that adapt to demographic shifts.

It's not just about Living longer. It's about staying mobile longer. It's about staying engaged longer.

 

Ensuring that we're engaged and productive for longer. But at the same time battling loneliness. Aging can get lonely.

 

Things that keep us connected and able to age in place for longer as well are things that the government can focus policies on. And so in that way, we can reshape what it means to live longer. From just “we’re living longer and that's going to be a greater burden on government debt via social welfare programs,” to instead, “we’re living longer, but we can also be productive for longer and we can retrain those sources into something else that helps us live those longer lives more fully.”

Transcript

It's not just about Living longer. It's about staying mobile longer. It's about staying engaged longer.

 

Ensuring that we're engaged and productive for longer. But at the same time battling loneliness. Aging can get lonely.

 

Things that keep us connected and able to age in place for longer as well are things that the government can focus policies on. And so in that way, we can reshape what it means to live longer. From just “we’re living longer and that's going to be a greater burden on government debt via social welfare programs,” to instead, “we’re living longer, but we can also be productive for longer and we can retrain those sources into something else that helps us live those longer lives more fully.”

Real Estate: Senior Living in Focus

Morgan Stanley Investment Management sees senior living as an attractive sector for investment given the need for it increases as people age and the population of 80 year olds or more is growing at a substantially higher rate than the overall population. The population is aging, substantial wealth is concentrated in the baby boomer cohort, and people are projected to live longer – all positive indicators for senior living demand.

 

“We see strong demand and limited supply,” said Hochfelder. “From a cyclical standpoint, while some equity segments are at all-time highs, the performance of real estate remains down—making this an attractive entry point.”

Senior housing is a very high conviction strategy for us. When you look. I mean, the first boomers turned 80 this year, so the silver tsunami is finally upon us and it is growing. So the 80 plus population growing at nearly 5% on the compound annual growth rate basis over the next five years, while the rest of the population dead flat. And so we see a real driver, a durable driver of demand beyond just the sheer number of potential target tenants for senior housing.

You essentially have a lot of people both with a lot of wealth and that means a lot of demand for senior housing and a high ability to pay.

Transcript

Senior housing is a very high conviction strategy for us. When you look. I mean, the first boomers turned 80 this year, so the silver tsunami is finally upon us and it is growing. So the 80 plus population growing at nearly 5% on the compound annual growth rate basis over the next five years, while the rest of the population dead flat. And so we see a real driver, a durable driver of demand beyond just the sheer number of potential target tenants for senior housing.

You essentially have a lot of people both with a lot of wealth and that means a lot of demand for senior housing and a high ability to pay.

Evolving Client Needs: Financial Services in Transition

Longevity is also changing how financial advisors, asset managers and wealth managers serve their clients. Financial institutions are redesigning products, services and infrastructure to provide seamless, outcome-oriented solutions tailored to longer lifespans.

 

Those changes are likely to reshape the industry itself.

 

“We are anticipating more partnerships not only [among] asset managers, but also between asset managers and insurance companies,” Graseck said. “There are significant opportunities for those who are able to deliver service at scale and in an efficient way to this population.”

  

Transcript

  

Purpose and Planning: A New Approach to Life’s Financial Stages

In financial planning, conversations with clients are changing in different ways. Rather than viewing life as a two-phase journey—pre- and post-retirement—advisors are adopting a multi-phase approach that considers purpose across different life chapters, Tjuanakis Cox said.

 

“There are measurable effects on health, longevity and life satisfaction that derive from purpose,” she added. “Our conversations with clients and individuals need to evolve to include questions like `What gives your day a sense of meaning? How might that evolve as family, health or work changes?’”

When we look at bringing this down on the personal level, we used to live in more of a binary framework where you accumulated then you de-cumulated, right. And I think that what we're talking about here is beginning to blow up that kind of binary paradigm and really challenging people to think in chapters.

To think in phases and you know what we are, you know, need to be doing is modeling for clients things in more of a phased approach that's going to take different types of individuals that's going to take different types of conversations with Tools as you sort of think about modulating work and living in different evolutions.

Human beings are not averages. So the reality is, is, there's these trends. They're going in multiple directions. But when it comes down to an individual has their own history, has their own behaviors, has their own needs, and we're going to need to increasingly move away from generic insight into hyper personalized plans and scenario planning for individuals and families in an age where the possibilities have exploded and grandma and grandpa's playbook doesn't work anymore. 

Transcript

When we look at bringing this down on the personal level, we used to live in more of a binary framework where you accumulated then you de-cumulated, right. And I think that what we're talking about here is beginning to blow up that kind of binary paradigm and really challenging people to think in chapters.

To think in phases and you know what we are, you know, need to be doing is modeling for clients things in more of a phased approach that's going to take different types of individuals that's going to take different types of conversations with Tools as you sort of think about modulating work and living in different evolutions.

Human beings are not averages. So the reality is, is, there's these trends. They're going in multiple directions. But when it comes down to an individual has their own history, has their own behaviors, has their own needs, and we're going to need to increasingly move away from generic insight into hyper personalized plans and scenario planning for individuals and families in an age where the possibilities have exploded and grandma and grandpa's playbook doesn't work anymore.