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A sharp reversal from 2025 and a compelling setup for what's next
After a challenging 2025, in which high-yield municipals underperformed their investment-grade (IG) counterparts, the narrative has shifted decisively in 2026. Year-to-date (YTD), high-yield munis are not only outperforming IG munis, they’re outperforming virtually every other major fixed income asset class. We believe this outperformance is likely to continue, supported by three reinforcing tailwinds: elevated yields, favorable supply-demand technicals and solid credit fundamentals.
For investors who looked past last year's volatility, we believe the current setup offers one of the more attractive risk-adjusted opportunities in fixed income today.
Year-to-date sector performance
Source: Bloomberg Indexes as of June 30, 2026. See indices used to represent the categories and the Index definitions in the disclosure section at the back. For illustrative purposes only. Not a recommendation to buy or sell any security. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Past performance is not indicative of future results. Treasury bills and bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government if held to maturity. Fixed income securities are subject to the ability of an issuer to make timely principal and interest payments (credit risk), changes in interest rates (interest-rate risk), the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (market risk). High yield securities (“junk bonds”) are lower rated securities that may have a higher degree of credit and liquidity risk. See Risk Considerations below for more information.
Year-to-date sector performance
Strong long-term performance
History has shown that high-yield munis have consistently outperformed IG munis over longer investment horizons. Much of this outperformance has been driven by higher coupon income, which has historically helped offset periods of rising interest rates and market volatility.
Unlike traditional IG muni bonds, where interest rate movements often dominate returns, high-yield munis are more heavily influenced by issuer-specific credit fundamentals since they have a higher degree of credit and liquidity risk than IG muni bonds. As a result, the additional income generated by the sector has historically produced superior long-term total returns despite occasional periods of short-term underperformance.
High-yield municipals have delivered higher long-term returns
Source: Bloomberg Indexes as of June 30, 2026. High Yield is represented by the Bloomberg High Yield Municipal Bond Index; Municipal is represented by the Bloomberg Municipal Bond Index. For illustrative purposes only. Not a recommendation to buy or sell any security. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Past performance is not indicative of future results.
High-yield municipals have delivered higher long-term returns
Elevated yields provide a powerful starting point
Income remains the single most important driver of long-term muni returns, and today's starting yields are among the most attractive in over a decade. Current tax-equivalent yields on high-yield munis compare favorably with, and in many cases exceed, yields available across taxable fixed income sectors, including high-yield corporates, IG corporates, MBS, and Treasurys.
Municipal taxable-equivalent yields remain attractive relative to other fixed income alternatives
Source: Bloomberg Indexes as of June 30, 2026. Taxable-equivalent yield is calculated assuming a federal tax rate of 40.80% -- details and index definitions below. High Yield is represented by the Bloomberg High Yield Municipal Bond Index; High Yield Corporate is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Corporate High Yield Index; Municipal is represented by the Bloomberg Municipal Bond Index; Taxable Municipal is represented by the Bloomberg Taxable Municipal Bond Index; Corporate is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Corporate Investment Grade Index; U.S. MBS is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) Index; U.S. Aggregate stands for the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Index; U.S. Treasury is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Treasury Index. For illustrative purposes only. Not a recommendation to buy or sell any security. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Past performance is not indicative of future results.
Municipal taxable-equivalent yields remain attractive relative to other fixed income alternatives
For investors in higher tax brackets, the after-tax math is especially compelling: High-yield munis can deliver meaningful incremental income without sacrificing the tax advantages that have long anchored muni allocations.
Technicals: Reduced issuance meets solid demand
Technical conditions in the high-yield muni market remain decidedly supportive.
On the supply side, while overall muni issuance hit a record in 2025 and is on pace for another record in 2026, high-yield muni issuance has remained notably constrained — representing only a small fraction of total new-issue volume. From 2019 to 2025 high-yield muni issuance averaged over 8% of total muni issuance. However, year-to-date through June 2026, high-yield muni issuance totaled just $16 billion, or 6% of total issuance.
On the demand side, fund flows have remained healthy, supported by high-income investors seeking attractive after-tax yields and renewed interest from institutional buyers.
This combination—limited new supply meeting steady, broad-based demand—has historically provided a powerful technical tailwind for the asset class, and we expect it to remain a key driver of relative performance through the balance of 2026.
Credit fundamentals remain solid
The broader muni credit backdrop continues to support the asset class. State and local governments generally maintain healthy reserve balances, tax collections have remained resilient and rating agencies continue to report more upgrades than downgrades across much of the muni market.
Default rates for muni bonds remain well below those of similarly rated corporate bonds, and recovery rates have historically been significantly higher. Much of this resilience stems from the nature of muni issuers themselves. Many high-yield credits finance essential community infrastructure such as hospitals, charter schools, transportation systems, utilities and senior housing, often secured by dedicated revenue streams or project-specific collateral.
Make no mistake: This is an idiosyncratic asset class
While the macro setup is compelling, high-yield munis are fundamentally a credit-driven, idiosyncratic asset class and high-yield muni returns are dominated by issuer-specific credit outcomes. This underscores why active, deep, bottom-up credit analysis is essential.
This year has provided clear reminders of that dynamic. Weakness in a regional high-speed train company and certain New York tobacco bonds has highlighted how individual credit stories can deviate sharply from the broader asset class. These aren’t systemic concerns; they’re issuer-specific challenges that disciplined credit research can identify and avoid.
In an asset class where a handful of problem credits can drive a disproportionate share of underperformance, identifying and sidestepping those names is as important as identifying the winners.
A complement to traditional municipal allocations
For many investors, the question isn’t whether to own IG munis or high-yield munis; it’s whether a thoughtful combination can produce a more efficient portfolio.
IG munis continue to provide relative stability and high credit quality. High-yield munis, meanwhile, can complement that allocation by enhancing portfolio income, improving long-term return potential, and increasing tax-free cash flow, albeit with greater credit and liquidity risk. Given the sector's complexity, fragmented issuer base and significant proportion of unrated securities, active credit research remains the single most important factor in capturing the opportunity while managing the risk.
The bottom line
After lagging IG munis in 2025, high-yield munis have reasserted themselves in 2026, leading not just the muni market but virtually all fixed income year-to-date. With elevated yields, supportive supply-demand technicals and solid underlying credit fundamentals, we believe the conditions for continued outperformance remain firmly in place.
Featured Insights
Index definitions
Bloomberg High Yield Municipal Bond Index is an unmanaged index of non-Investment Grade Municipal bonds traded in the U.S.
Bloomberg U.S. Corporate High Yield Index is an unmanaged index consisting of domestic and corporate bonds rated Ba and below with a minimum outstanding amount of $150 million. You cannot invest directly in an index.
Bloomberg Municipal Bond Index is an unmanaged index of Municipal bonds traded in the U.S.
Bloomberg Taxable Municipal Bond Index is an unmanaged index of Taxable Municipal bonds traded in the U.S.
Bloomberg U.S. Corporate Investment Grade Index is an unmanaged index that measures the performance of investment-grade corporate securities within the Barclays U.S. Aggregate Index.
Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Index is an unmanaged index of domestic investment-grade bonds, including corporate, government and mortgage-backed securities.
Bloomberg U.S. Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) Index measures agency mortgage-backed pass-through securities issued by GNMA, FNMA, and FHLMC.
Bloomberg U.S. Treasury Index measures public debt instruments issued by the U.S. Treasury, excluding short-term Treasury bills.
High Yield is represented by the Bloomberg High Yield Municipal Bond Index; High Yield Corporate is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Corporate High Yield Index; Municipal is represented by the Bloomberg Municipal Bond Index; Taxable Municipal is represented by the Bloomberg Taxable Municipal Bond Index; Corporate is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Corporate Investment Grade Index; U.S. MBS is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) Index; U.S. Aggregate stands for the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Index; U.S. Treasury is represented by the Bloomberg U.S. Treasury Index.
Risk Considerations: There is no assurance that a portfolio will achieve its investment objective. Portfolios are subject to market risk, which is the possibility that the market values of securities owned by the portfolio will decline and that the value of portfolio shares may therefore be less than what you paid for them. Market values can change daily due to economic and other events (e.g., natural disasters, health crises, terrorism, conflicts, and social unrest) that affect markets, countries, companies or governments. It is difficult to predict the timing, duration, and potential adverse effects (e.g., portfolio liquidity) of events. Accordingly, you can lose money investing in a portfolio. Fixed-income securities are subject to the ability of an issuer to make timely principal and interest payments (credit risk), changes in interest rates (interest rate risk), the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (market risk). In a rising interest-rate environment, bond prices may fall and may result in periods of volatility and increased portfolio redemptions. In a declining interest-rate environment, the portfolio may generate less income. Longer-term securities may be more sensitive to interest rate changes. High yield securities (“junk bonds”) are lower rated securities that may have a higher degree of credit and liquidity risk. An imbalance in supply and demand in the municipal market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, widening credit spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market. There generally is limited public information about municipal issuers. Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the relevant taxing authority or the non-compliant conduct of the issuer of an obligation and may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.
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