10-Q 1 d10q.htm FORM 10-Q Form 10-Q

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 

x  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended February 28, 2003

 

OR

 

¨  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from              to             

 

Commission file number 1-11758

 

Morgan Stanley

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 


 

Delaware

 

36-3145972

(State of Incorporation)

 

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1585 Broadway

New York, NY

 

10036

(Address of Principal

Executive Offices)

 

(Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 761-4000

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  x    No  ¨

 

As of March 31, 2003, there were 1,087,291,293 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding.

 



Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

Quarter Ended February 28, 2003

 

    

Page


Part I—Financial Information

    

Item 1.    Financial Statements

    

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition— February 28, 2003 (unaudited)
and November 30, 2002

  

1

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)—Three Months Ended
February 28, 2003 and 2002

  

2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)—Three Months
Ended February 28, 2003 and 2002

  

3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)—Three Months Ended
February 28, 2003 and 2002

  

4

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

  

5

Independent Accountants’ Report

  

25

Item 2.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations

  

26

Item 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

  

53

Item 4.     Controls and Procedures

  

57

Part II—Other Information

    

Item 1.     Legal Proceedings

  

58

Item 6.     Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

  

59

 

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

 

The Company files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). You may read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s public reference room at Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. The SEC maintains a website that contains annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information that issuers (including the Company) file electronically with the SEC. The SEC’s website is www.sec.gov. The Company’s website is www.morganstanley.com. The Company makes available free of charge through its internet site, via a link to the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov, its annual reports on Form 10-K; quarterly reports on Form 10-Q; current reports on Form 8-K; Forms 3, 4 and 5 filed on behalf of directors and executive officers; and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The Company makes available on www.morganstanley.com its most recent annual report on Form 10-K, its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for the current fiscal year, its most recent proxy statement and its most recent summary annual report to shareholders, although in some cases these documents are not available on our site as soon as they are available on the SEC’s site. In addition, the Company posts on www.morganstanley.com charters for its Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating and Governance Committee as well as its Corporate Governance Policies and its Code of Ethics and Business Conduct for the Company’s employees, officers and directors. You will need to have on your computer the Adobe Acrobat Reader software to view these documents, which are in PDF format. If you do not have Adobe Acrobat, a link to Adobe’s Internet site, from which you can download the software, is provided. The information on the Company’s website is not incorporated by reference into this report.

 

i


Table of Contents

Item 1.

 

MORGAN STANLEY

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

(dollars in millions, except share data)

 

    

February 28, 2003


      

November 30, 2002


 
    

(unaudited)

          

ASSETS

                   

Cash and cash equivalents

  

$

29,309

 

    

$

29,212

 

Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated under federal and other regulations (including securities at fair value of $31,000 at February 28, 2003 and $27,721 at November 30, 2002)

  

 

40,707

 

    

 

38,411

 

Financial instruments owned (approximately $87 billion at February 28, 2003 and $71 billion at November 30, 2002 were pledged to various parties):

                   

U.S. government and agency securities

  

 

37,067

 

    

 

32,474

 

Other sovereign government obligations

  

 

27,815

 

    

 

27,694

 

Corporate and other debt

  

 

58,996

 

    

 

55,254

 

Corporate equities

  

 

22,220

 

    

 

21,996

 

Derivative contracts

  

 

50,235

 

    

 

35,615

 

Physical commodities

  

 

638

 

    

 

355

 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

  

 

59,687

 

    

 

76,910

 

Securities received as collateral

  

 

13,194

 

    

 

12,200

 

Securities borrowed

  

 

140,566

 

    

 

130,404

 

Receivables:

                   

Consumer loans (net of allowances of $950 at February 28, 2003 and $928 at November 30, 2002)

  

 

21,150

 

    

 

23,014

 

Customers, net

  

 

30,039

 

    

 

22,262

 

Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations

  

 

6,456

 

    

 

2,250

 

Fees, interest and other

  

 

4,187

 

    

 

4,892

 

Office facilities, at cost (less accumulated depreciation and amortization of $2,295 at February 28, 2003 and $2,206 at November 30, 2002)

  

 

2,317

 

    

 

2,270

 

Aircraft under operating leases (less accumulated depreciation of $840 at February 28, 2003 and $769 at November 30, 2002)

  

 

4,815

 

    

 

4,849

 

Goodwill

  

 

1,460

 

    

 

1,449

 

Other assets

  

 

8,578

 

    

 

7,988

 

    


    


Total assets

  

$

559,436

 

    

$

529,499

 

    


    


LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                   

Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings

  

$

45,541

 

    

$

50,789

 

Deposits

  

 

14,127

 

    

 

13,757

 

Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:

                   

U.S. government and agency securities

  

 

15,234

 

    

 

13,235

 

Other sovereign government obligations

  

 

13,402

 

    

 

11,679

 

Corporate and other debt

  

 

9,511

 

    

 

12,240

 

Corporate equities

  

 

17,753

 

    

 

18,320

 

Derivative contracts

  

 

42,604

 

    

 

28,985

 

Physical commodities

  

 

2,217

 

    

 

1,833

 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

  

 

134,211

 

    

 

136,463

 

Obligation to return securities received as collateral

  

 

13,194

 

    

 

12,200

 

Securities loaned

  

 

55,031

 

    

 

43,229

 

Payables:

                   

Customers

  

 

93,069

 

    

 

88,229

 

Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations

  

 

790

 

    

 

4,610

 

Interest and dividends

  

 

5,186

 

    

 

3,363

 

Other liabilities and accrued expenses

  

 

12,556

 

    

 

12,245

 

Long-term borrowings

  

 

60,469

 

    

 

55,161

 

    


    


    

 

534,895

 

    

 

506,338

 

    


    


Capital Units

  

 

66

 

    

 

66

 

    


    


Preferred Securities Subject to Mandatory Redemption

  

 

2,010

 

    

 

1,210

 

    


    


Commitments and contingencies

                   

Shareholders’ equity:

                   

Common stock ($0.01 par value, 3,500,000,000 shares authorized, 1,211,685,904 and 1,211,685,904 shares issued, 1,089,745,941 and 1,081,417,377 shares outstanding at February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002, respectively)

  

 

12

 

    

 

12

 

Paid-in capital

  

 

3,440

 

    

 

3,678

 

Retained earnings

  

 

25,901

 

    

 

25,250

 

Employee stock trust

  

 

2,942

 

    

 

3,003

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

  

 

(270)

    

 

(251)

    


    


Subtotal

  

 

32,025

 

    

 

31,692

 

Note receivable related to ESOP

  

 

(9)

    

 

(13)

Common stock held in treasury, at cost ($0.01 par value, 121,939,963 and 130,268,527 shares at February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002, respectively)

  

 

(6,609)

    

 

(7,176)

Common stock issued to employee trust

  

 

(2,942)

    

 

(2,618)

    


    


Total shareholders’ equity

  

 

22,465

 

    

 

21,885

 

    


    


Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

  

$

559,436

 

    

$

529,499

 

    


    


 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(dollars in millions, except share and per share data)

 

    

Three Months

Ended February 28,


    

2003


    

2002


    

(unaudited)

Revenues:

               

Investment banking

  

$

589

 

  

$

674

Principal transactions:

               

Trading

  

 

1,556

 

  

 

1,132

Investments

  

 

(22

)

  

 

33

Commissions

  

 

670

 

  

 

777

Fees:

               

Asset management, distribution and administration

  

 

903

 

  

 

1,016

Merchant and cardmember

  

 

363

 

  

 

342

Servicing

  

 

567

 

  

 

540

Interest and dividends

  

 

3,789

 

  

 

3,836

Other

  

 

87

 

  

 

196

    


  

Total revenues

  

 

8,502

 

  

 

8,546

Interest expense

  

 

2,688

 

  

 

2,936

Provision for consumer loan losses

  

 

336

 

  

 

345

    


  

Net revenues

  

 

5,478

 

  

 

5,265

    


  

Non-interest expenses:

               

Compensation and benefits

  

 

2,548

 

  

 

2,489

Occupancy and equipment

  

 

196

 

  

 

198

Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees

  

 

191

 

  

 

179

Information processing and communications

  

 

316

 

  

 

322

Marketing and business development

  

 

269

 

  

 

254

Professional services

  

 

225

 

  

 

225

Other

  

 

307

 

  

 

251

    


  

Total non-interest expenses

  

 

4,052

 

  

 

3,918

    


  

Income before income taxes and dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

 

1,426

 

  

 

1,347

Provision for income taxes

  

 

499

 

  

 

477

Dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

 

22

 

  

 

22

    


  

Net income

  

$

905

 

  

$

848

    


  

Earnings per common share:

               

Basic

  

$

0.84

 

  

$

0.78

    


  

Diluted

  

$

0.82

 

  

$

0.76

    


  

Average common shares outstanding:

               

Basic

  

 

1,079,052,442

 

  

 

1,082,380,245

    


  

Diluted

  

 

1,099,724,140

 

  

 

1,112,959,092

    


  

 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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MORGAN STANLEY

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(dollars in millions)

 

    

Three Months

Ended
February 28,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 
    

(unaudited)

 

Net income

  

$

905

 

  

$

848

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

                 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  

 

22

 

  

 

(8

)

Net change in cash flow hedges

  

 

(41

)

  

 

7

 

    


  


Comprehensive income

  

$

886

 

  

$

847

 

    


  


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(dollars in millions)

 

    

Three Months

Ended February 28,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 
    

(unaudited)

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

                 

Net income

  

$

905

 

  

$

848

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used for operating activities:

                 

Non-cash charges (credits) included in net income:

                 

Gain on sale of building

  

 

—  

 

  

 

(73

)

Aircraft asset charge

  

 

36

 

  

 

—  

 

Other non-cash charges included in net income

  

 

498

 

  

 

567

 

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                 

Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated under federal and other regulations

  

 

(2,296

)

  

 

(2,497

)

Financial instruments owned, net of financial instruments sold, not yet
purchased

  

 

(8,799

)

  

 

(8,241

)

Securities borrowed, net of securities loaned

  

 

1,640

 

  

 

(3,990

)

Receivables and other assets

  

 

(11,046

)

  

 

6,299

 

Payables and other liabilities

  

 

3,178

 

  

 

(137

)

    


  


Net cash used for operating activities

  

 

(15,884

)

  

 

(7,224

)

    


  


Cash flows from investing activities:

                 

Net (payments for) proceeds from:

                 

Office facilities and aircraft under operating leases

  

 

(207

)

  

 

(358

)

Net principal disbursed on consumer loans

  

 

(4,391

)

  

 

(2,850

)

Sales of consumer loans

  

 

5,919

 

  

 

1,848

 

    


  


Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities

  

 

1,321

 

  

 

(1,360

)

    


  


Cash flows from financing activities:

                 

Net (payments for) proceeds from short-term borrowings

  

 

(5,248

)

  

 

7,416

 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, net of securities purchased under agreements to resell

  

 

14,971

 

  

 

2,579

 

Net proceeds from:

                 

Deposits

  

 

370

 

  

 

264

 

Issuance of common stock

  

 

97

 

  

 

92

 

Issuance of long-term borrowings

  

 

8,296

 

  

 

239

 

Issuance of Preferred Securities Subject to Mandatory Redemption

  

 

800

 

  

 

—  

 

Payments for:

                 

Repurchases of common stock

  

 

(170

)

  

 

(205

)

Repayments of long-term borrowings

  

 

(4,207

)

  

 

(2,326

)

Redemption of Cumulative Preferred Stock

  

 

—  

 

  

 

(345

)

Cash dividends

  

 

(249

)  

  

 

(251

)

    


  


Net cash provided by financing activities

  

 

14,660

 

  

 

7,463

 

    


  


Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  

 

97

 

  

 

(1,121

)

Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of period

  

 

29,212

 

  

 

26,596

 

    


  


Cash and cash equivalents, at end of period

  

$

29,309

 

  

$

25,475

 

    


  


 

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1.    Introduction and Basis of Presentation

 

The Company.    Morgan Stanley (the “Company”) is a global financial services firm that maintains leading market positions in each of its business segments—Institutional Securities, Individual Investor Group, Investment Management and Credit Services. The Company’s Institutional Securities business includes securities underwriting and distribution; financial advisory services, including advice on mergers and acquisitions, restructurings, real estate and project finance; sales, trading, financing and market-making activities in equity securities and related products and fixed income securities and related products, including foreign exchange and commodities; principal investing and aircraft financing activities. The Company’s Individual Investor Group business provides comprehensive financial planning and investment advisory services designed to accommodate individual investment goals and risk profiles. The Company’s Investment Management business provides global asset management products and services for individual and institutional investors through three principal distribution channels: a proprietary channel consisting of the Company’s financial advisors and investment representatives; a non-proprietary channel consisting of third-party broker-dealers, banks, financial planners and other intermediaries; and the Company’s institutional channel. The Company’s private equity activities also are included within the Investment Management business segment. The Company’s Credit Services business offers Discover®-branded cards and other consumer finance products and services and includes the operation of Discover Business Services, a network of merchant and cash access locations primarily in the U.S.

 

Basis of Financial Information.    The condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., which require the Company to make estimates and assumptions regarding the valuations of certain financial instruments, consumer loan loss levels, the potential outcome of litigation, and other matters that affect the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company believes that the estimates utilized in the preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements are prudent and reasonable. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. The Company’s policy is to consolidate all entities in which it owns more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock unless it does not control the entity. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (“FIN 46”), for variable interests obtained after January 31, 2003, the Company also consolidates any variable interest entities for which it is the primary beneficiary (see Note 15). For investments in companies in which the Company has significant influence over operating and financial decisions (generally defined as owning a voting or economic interest of 20% to 50%), the Company applies the equity method of accounting. In those cases where the Company’s investment is less than 20% and significant influence does not exist, such investments are carried at cost.

 

The Company’s U.S. and international subsidiaries include Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated (“MS&Co.”), Morgan Stanley & Co. International Limited (“MSIL”), Morgan Stanley Japan Limited (“MSJL”), Morgan Stanley DW Inc. (“MSDWI”), Morgan Stanley Investment Advisors Inc. and NOVUS Credit Services Inc.

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform to the current presentation. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2002 (the “Form 10-K”). The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair statement of the results for the interim period. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year.

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

Financial Instruments Used for Trading and Investment.    Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, which include cash and derivative products, are recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, and gains and losses are reflected in principal trading revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Loans and lending commitments associated with the Company’s lending activities also are recorded at fair value. Fair value is the amount at which financial instruments could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or distressed sale.

 

The price transparency of the particular product will determine the degree of judgment involved in determining the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments. Price transparency is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether it is a new product and not yet established in the marketplace, and the characteristics particular to the transaction. Products for which actively quoted prices or pricing parameters are available or for which fair value is derived from actively quoted prices or pricing parameters will generally have a higher degree of price transparency. By contrast, products that are thinly or not quoted will generally have reduced to no price transparency.

 

A substantial percentage of the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, is based on observable market prices, observable market parameters, or is derived from such prices or parameters. The availability of observable market prices and pricing parameters can vary from product to product. Where available, observable market prices and pricing parameters in a product (or a related product) may be used to derive a price without requiring significant judgment. In certain markets, observable market prices or market parameters are not available for all products, and fair value is determined using techniques appropriate for each particular product. These analyses may involve a degree of judgment.

 

The fair value of over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts is derived from pricing models, which may require multiple market input parameters. The Company relies on pricing models as a valuation methodology to determine fair value for OTC derivative products because market convention is to quote input parameters to models rather than prices, not because of a lack of an active trading market. The term “model” in this context typically refers to a mathematical calculation methodology based on accepted financial theories. Depending on the product and the terms of the transaction, the fair value of OTC derivative products can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option pricing model, simulation models or a combination thereof, applied consistently. In the case of more established derivative products, the pricing models used by the Company are widely accepted by the financial services industry. Pricing models take into account the contract terms, including the maturity, as well as quoted market parameters such as interest rates, volatility and the creditworthiness of the counterparty.

 

Interest and dividend revenue and interest expense arising from financial instruments used in trading activities are reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of income as interest and dividend revenue or interest expense. Purchases and sales of financial instruments as well as commission revenues and related expenses are recorded in the accounts on trade date. Unrealized gains and losses arising from the Company’s dealings in OTC financial instruments, including derivative contracts related to financial instruments and commodities, are presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of financial condition on a net-by-counterparty basis, when appropriate.

 

Equity securities purchased in connection with private equity and other principal investment activities initially are carried in the condensed consolidated financial statements at their original costs, which approximate fair value. The carrying value of such equity securities is adjusted when changes in the underlying fair values are readily ascertainable, generally as evidenced by observable market prices or transactions that directly affect the value of such equity securities. Downward adjustments relating to such equity securities are made in the event

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

that the Company determines that the eventual realizable value is less than the carrying value. The Company’s partnership interests, including general partnership and limited partnership interests in real estate funds, are included within Other assets in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and are recorded at fair value based upon changes in the fair value of the underlying partnership’s net assets.

 

Financial Instruments Used for Asset and Liability Management.    The Company enters into various derivative financial instruments for non-trading purposes. These instruments are included within Financial instruments owned—derivative contracts or Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased—derivative contracts within the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and include interest rate swaps, foreign currency swaps, equity swaps and foreign exchange forwards. The Company uses interest rate and currency swaps and equity derivatives to manage interest rate, currency and equity price risk arising from certain borrowings. The Company also utilizes interest rate swaps to match the repricing characteristics of consumer loans with those of the borrowings that fund these loans. Certain of these derivative financial instruments are designated and qualify as fair value hedges and cash flow hedges in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended.

 

The Company’s designated fair value hedges consist primarily of hedges of fixed rate borrowings, including fixed rate borrowings that fund consumer loans. The Company’s designated cash flow hedges consist primarily of hedges of floating rate borrowings in connection with its aircraft financing business. In general, interest rate exposure in this business arises to the extent that the interest obligations associated with debt used to finance the Company’s aircraft portfolio do not correlate with the aircraft rental payments received by the Company. The Company’s objective is to manage the exposure created by its floating interest rate obligations given that future lease rates on new leases may not be repriced at levels that fully reflect changes in market interest rates. The Company utilizes interest rate swaps to minimize the risk created by its longer-term floating rate interest obligations and measures that risk by reference to the duration of those obligations and the expected sensitivity of future lease rates to future market interest rates.

 

For qualifying fair value hedges, the changes in the fair value of the derivative and the gain or loss on the hedged asset or liability relating to the risk being hedged are recorded currently in earnings. These amounts are recorded in interest expense and provide offset of one another. For qualifying cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity, net of tax effects, and amounts in Accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Ineffectiveness relating to fair value and cash flow hedges, if any, is recorded within interest expense. The impact of hedge ineffectiveness on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income was not material for all periods presented.

 

The Company also utilizes foreign exchange forward contracts to manage the currency exposure relating to its net monetary investments in non-U.S. dollar functional currency operations. The gain or loss from revaluing these contracts is deferred and reported within Accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity, net of tax effects, with the related unrealized amounts due from or to counterparties included in Receivables from or Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations. The interest elements (forward points) on these foreign exchange forward contracts are recorded in earnings.

 

Securitization Activities.    The Company engages in securitization activities related to commercial and residential mortgage loans, corporate bonds and loans, U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligations, municipal bonds, credit card loans and other types of financial assets (see Notes 3 and 4). The Company may retain interests in the securitized financial assets as one or more tranches of the securitization, undivided seller’s interests, accrued interest receivable subordinate to investors’ interests (see Note 4), cash collateral

 

7


Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

accounts, servicing rights, and rights to any excess cash flows remaining after payments to investors in the securitization trusts of their contractual rate of return and reimbursement of credit losses. The exposure to credit losses from securitized loans is limited to the Company’s retained contingent risk, which represents the Company’s retained interest in securitized loans, including any credit enhancement provided. The gain or loss on the sale of financial assets depends in part on the previous carrying amount of the assets involved in the transfer, and each subsequent transfer in revolving structures, allocated between the assets sold and the retained interests based upon their respective fair values at the date of sale. To obtain fair values, observable market prices are used if available. However, observable market prices are generally not available for retained interests, so the Company estimates fair value based on the present value of expected future cash flows using its best estimates of the key assumptions, including forecasted credit losses, payment rates, forward yield curves and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. The present value of future net servicing revenues that the Company estimates it will receive over the term of the securitized loans is recognized in income as the loans are securitized. A corresponding asset also is recorded and then amortized as a charge to income over the term of the securitized loans, with actual net servicing revenues continuing to be recognized in income as they are earned.

 

2.    Goodwill.

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” the amortization of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets is not permitted. Instead, these assets must be reviewed annually (or more frequently under certain conditions) for impairment. Intangible assets that do not have indefinite lives are to be amortized over their useful lives and reviewed for impairment. During the first quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company completed the annual goodwill impairment test, which did not indicate any goodwill impairment and therefore did not have an effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

 

Changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill for the three month period ended February 28, 2003, were as follows:

 

      

Institutional

Securities


  

Individual

Investor

Group


    

Investment

Management


  

Total


      

(dollars in millions)

Balance as of November 30, 2002

    

$

4

  

$

478

    

$

967

  

$

1,449

Translation adjustments

    

 

—  

  

 

11

    

 

—  

  

 

11

      

  

    

  

Balance as of February 28, 2003

    

$

4

  

$

489

    

$

967

  

$

1,460

      

  

    

  

 

3.    Securities Financing and Securitization Transactions.

 

Securities purchased under agreements to resell (“reverse repurchase agreements”) and securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repurchase agreements”), principally government and agency securities, are treated as financing transactions and are carried at the amounts at which the securities subsequently will be resold or reacquired as specified in the respective agreements; such amounts include accrued interest. Reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis, when appropriate. It is the Company’s policy to take possession of securities purchased under agreements to resell. Securities borrowed and securities loaned also are treated as financing transactions and are carried at the amounts of cash collateral advanced and received in connection with the transactions.

 

The Company pledges its financial instruments owned to collateralize repurchase agreements and other securities financings. Pledged securities that can be sold or repledged by the secured party are identified as Financial

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

instruments owned (pledged to various parties) on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The carrying value and classification of securities owned by the Company that have been loaned or pledged to counterparties where those counterparties do not have the right to sell or repledge the collateral were as follows:

 

    

At

February 28,

2003


  

At

November 30,

2002


    

(dollars in millions)

Financial instruments owned:

             

U.S. government and agency securities

  

$

10,714

  

$

9,144

Other sovereign government obligations

  

 

149

  

 

83

Corporate and other debt

  

 

11,543

  

 

9,026

Corporate equities

  

 

1,384

  

 

1,849

    

  

Total

  

$

23,790

  

$

20,102

    

  

 

The Company enters into reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowed transactions and securities loaned transactions to, among other things, finance the Company’s inventory positions, acquire securities to cover short positions and settle other securities obligations and to accommodate customers’ needs. The Company also engages in securities financing transactions for customers through margin lending. Under these agreements and transactions, the Company either receives or provides collateral, including U.S. government and agency securities, other sovereign government obligations, corporate and other debt, and corporate equities. The Company receives collateral in the form of securities in connection with reverse repurchase agreements, securities borrowed transactions and customer margin loans. In many cases, the Company is permitted to sell or repledge these securities held as collateral and use the securities to secure repurchase agreements, to enter into securities lending transactions or for delivery to counterparties to cover short positions. At February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002, the fair value of securities received as collateral where the Company is permitted to sell or repledge the securities was $384 billion and $376 billion, respectively, and the fair value of the portion that has been sold or repledged was $348 billion and $344 billion, respectively.

 

The Company manages credit exposure arising from reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, securities borrowed transactions and securities loaned transactions by, in appropriate circumstances, entering into master netting agreements and collateral arrangements with counterparties that provide the Company, in the event of a customer default, the right to liquidate collateral and the right to offset a counterparty’s rights and obligations. The Company also monitors the fair value of the underlying securities as compared with the related receivable or payable, including accrued interest, and, as necessary, requests additional collateral to ensure such transactions are adequately collateralized. Where deemed appropriate, the Company’s agreements with third parties specify its rights to request additional collateral. Customer receivables generated from margin lending activity are collateralized by customer-owned securities held by the Company. For these transactions, the Company’s collateral policies significantly limit the Company’s credit exposure in the event of customer default. The Company may request additional margin collateral from customers, if appropriate, and if necessary may sell securities that have not been paid for or purchase securities sold but not delivered from customers.

 

In connection with its Institutional Securities business, the Company engages in securitization activities related to commercial and residential mortgage loans, U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligations, corporate bonds and loans, municipal bonds and other types of financial assets. These assets are carried at fair value, and any changes in fair value are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The Company may act as underwriter of the beneficial interests issued by securitization vehicles. Underwriting net revenues are recognized in connection with these transactions. The Company may retain interests in the securitized financial assets as one or more tranches of the securitization. These retained interests are included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition at fair value. Any changes in the fair value of such retained

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

interests are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Retained interests in securitized financial assets associated with the Company’s Institutional Securities business were approximately $2.0 billion at February 28, 2003, the majority of which were related to U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligation, residential mortgage loan and commercial mortgage loan securitization transactions. Gains or losses at the time of securitization, if any, were not material to the Company’s results of operations, and the assumptions that the Company used to determine the fair value of its retained interests at the time of securitization related to those transactions that occurred during the three months ended February 28, 2003 were not materially different from the assumptions included in the table below. Additionally, as indicated in the table below, the Company’s exposure to credit losses related to these retained interests was not material to the Company’s results of operations.

 

The following table presents information on the Company’s U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligation, residential mortgage loan and commercial mortgage loan securitization transactions. Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value of the retained interests to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in those assumptions at February 28, 2003 were as follows (dollars in millions):

 

   

U.S. Agency Collateralized Mortgage Obligations


       

Residential Mortgage Loans


          

Commercial Mortgage Loans


 

Retained interests
(carrying amount/fair
value)

 

$1,128

 

 

Retained interests
(carrying amount/fair
value)

 

$609

 

 

Retained interests
(carrying amount/fair
value)

    

$122

 

Weighted average life
(in months)

 

71

 

 

Weighted average life
(in months)

 

15

 

 

Weighted average life
(in months)

    

88

 

Credit losses (rate per annum)

 

 

 

Credit losses (rate per annum)

 

0.2-4.0

%

 

Credit losses (rate per annum) (1)

    

    —

 

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

 

    —

 

 

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

 

$(13

)

 

    Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

    

 

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

 

 

 

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

 

$(27

)

 

    Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

    

 

Weighted average discount rate (rate per annum)

 

    4.51

%

 

Weighted average discount rate (rate per annum)

 

22.87

%

 

Weighted average discount rate (rate per annum)

    

6.38

%

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

 

$(22

)

 

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

 

$(15

)

 

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

    

$(4

)

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

 

$(43

)

 

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

 

$(28

)

 

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

    

 $(8

)

Prepayment speed assumption

 

335-917PSA

 

 

Prepayment speed assumption

 

283-1750PSA

 

            

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

 

 $(2

)

 

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

 

$(23

)

            

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

 

$(3

)

 

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

 

$(40

)

            

(1) Due to the nature of the Company’s retained interests held at February 28, 2003, there were no related credit loss assumptions.

 

The table above does not include the offsetting benefit of any financial instruments that the Company may utilize to hedge risks inherent in its retained interests. In addition, the sensitivity analysis is hypothetical and should be used with caution. Changes in fair value based on a 10% or 20% variation in an assumption generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the retained interests is calculated independent of changes in any other assumption; in practice, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities. In addition, the sensitivity analysis does not consider any corrective action that the Company may take to mitigate the impact of any adverse changes in the key assumptions.

 

In connection with its Institutional Securities business, during the quarter ended February 28, 2003, the Company received $16 billion of proceeds from new securitization transactions and $959 million of cash flows from retained interests in securitization transactions.

 

10


Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

4.    Consumer Loans.

 

Consumer loans were as follows:

    

At

February 28,

2003


  

At

November 30,

2002


    

(dollars in millions)

General purpose credit card, mortgage and consumer
installment

  

$

22,100

  

$

23,942

Less:

             

Allowance for consumer loan losses

  

 

950

  

 

928

    

  

Consumer loans, net

  

$

21,150

  

$

23,014

    

  

 

Activity in the allowance for consumer loan losses was as follows:

 

    

Three Months

Ended

February 28,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 
    

(dollars in millions)

 

Balance beginning of period

  

$

928

 

  

$

847

 

Additions:

                 

Provision for consumer loan losses

  

 

336

 

  

 

345

 

Deductions:

                 

Charge-offs

  

 

336

 

  

 

342

 

Recoveries

  

 

(22

)

  

 

(23

)

    


  


Net charge-offs

  

 

314

 

  

 

319

 

    


  


Balance end of period

  

$

950

 

  

$

873

 

    


  


 

Interest accrued on general purpose credit card loans subsequently charged off, recorded as a reduction of interest revenue, was $67 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2003 and $57 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2002.

 

At February 28, 2003, the Company had commitments to extend credit for consumer loans of approximately $262 billion. Commitments to extend credit arise from agreements with customers for unused lines of credit on certain credit cards, provided there is no violation of conditions established in the related agreement. These commitments, substantially all of which the Company can terminate at any time and do not necessarily represent future cash requirements, are periodically reviewed based on account usage and customer creditworthiness.

 

The Company received net proceeds from consumer loan sales of $5,919 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2003 and $1,848 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2002.

 

The Company’s retained interests in credit card asset securitizations include undivided seller’s interests, cash collateral accounts, servicing rights and rights to any excess cash flows (“Residual Interests”) remaining after payments to investors in the securitization trusts of their contractual rate of return and reimbursement of credit losses. The undivided seller’s interests less an applicable allowance for loan losses is recorded in Consumer loans. The Company’s undivided seller’s interests rank pari passu with investors’ interests in the securitization trusts, and the remaining retained interests are subordinate to investors’ interests. The cash collateral accounts are recorded in Other assets with the carrying value of the cash collateral accounts approximating fair value. The Company receives annual servicing fees of 2% of the investor principal balance outstanding. The Company does not recognize servicing assets or servicing liabilities for servicing rights since the servicing contracts provide only adequate compensation (as defined in SFAS No. 140) to the Company for performing the servicing.

 

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Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Residual Interests are recorded in Other assets and classified as trading and reflected at fair value with changes in fair value recorded currently in earnings. On December 4, 2002, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), in conjunction with other bank regulatory agencies, issued guidance, Interagency Advisory on the Accounting Treatment of Accrued Interest Receivable Related to Credit Card Securitizations, for the purpose of clarifying the treatment of accrued interest and fees (“accrued interest receivable”) on securitized credit card receivables as a subordinated retained interest for accounting purposes. At February 28, 2003, the accrued interest receivable was $0.6 billion and is recorded in Other assets. Including this accrued interest receivable amount, at February 28, 2003 the Company had $9.7 billion of retained interests, including $6.5 billion of undivided seller’s interests, in credit card asset securitizations. The retained interests are subject to credit, payment and interest rate risks on the transferred credit card assets. The investors and the securitization trusts have no recourse to the Company’s other assets for failure of cardmembers to pay when due.

 

During the quarter ended February 28, 2003, the Company completed credit card asset securitizations of $4.2 billion and recognized net securitization gains of $35 million as servicing fees in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income. The uncollected balances of general purpose credit card loans sold through asset securitizations were $31.0 billion at February 28, 2003 and $29.0 billion at November 30, 2002.

 

Key economic assumptions used in measuring the Residual Interests at the date of securitization resulting from credit card asset securitizations completed during the quarter ended February 28, 2003 were as follows:

 

Weighted average life (in months)

  

5.9-6.5

 

Payment rate (rate per month)

  

14.89-17.75

%

Credit losses (rate per annum)

  

3.86-6.45

%

Discount rate (rate per annum)

  

14.00

%

 

Key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value of the Residual Interests to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in those assumptions were as follows (dollars in millions):

 

    

At

February 28,

2003


 

Residual Interests (carrying amount/fair value)

  

$

264

 

Weighted average life (in months)

  

 

    5.9

 

Weighted average payment rate (rate per month)

  

 

17.72

%

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

  

$

(18

)

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

  

$

(34

)

Weighted average credit losses (rate per annum)

  

 

6.43

%

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

  

$

(78

)

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

  

$

(153

)

Weighted average discount rate (rate per annum)

  

 

14.00

%

Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change

  

$

(3

)

Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change

  

$

(5

)

 

The sensitivity analysis in the table above is hypothetical and should be used with caution. Changes in fair value based on a 10% or 20% variation in an assumption generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the Residual Interests is calculated independent of changes in any other assumption; in practice, changes in one factor may result in changes in another (for example, increases in market interest rates may result in lower payments and increased credit losses), which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities. In addition, the sensitivity analysis does not consider any corrective action that the Company may take to mitigate the impact of any adverse changes in the key assumptions.

 

12


Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

The table below summarizes certain cash flows received from the securitization master trusts (dollars in billions):

 

      

Three Months Ended

February 28, 2003


Proceeds from new credit card asset securitizations

    

$  4.2

Proceeds from collections reinvested in previous credit card asset securitizations

    

$14.5

Contractual servicing fees received

    

$  0.1

Cash flows received from retained interests

    

$  0.4

 

The table below presents quantitative information about delinquencies, net credit losses and components of managed general purpose credit card loans, including securitized loans (dollars in billions):

 

      

At

February 28, 2003


  

Three Months Ended February 28, 2003


      

Loans Outstanding


    

Loans
Delinquent


  

Average Loans


  

Net Credit Losses


Managed general purpose credit card loans

    

$

51.8

    

$

3.3

  

$

52.8

  

$

0.8

Less: Securitized general purpose credit card loans

    

 

31.0

                      
      

                      

Owned general purpose credit card loans

    

$

20.8

                      
      

                      

 

5.    Long-Term Borrowings.

 

Long-term borrowings at February 28, 2003 scheduled to mature within one year aggregated $12,578 million.

 

During the quarter ended February 28, 2003, the Company issued senior notes aggregating $8,374 million, including non-U.S. dollar currency notes aggregating $1,782 million. The Company has entered into certain transactions to obtain floating interest rates based primarily on short-term LIBOR trading levels. Maturities in the aggregate of these notes by fiscal year are as follows: 2003, $12 million; 2004, $87 million; 2005, $1,991 million; 2006, $27 million; 2007, $328 million; and thereafter, $5,929 million. In the quarter ended February 28, 2003, $4,207 million of senior notes were repaid.

 

The weighted average maturity of the Company’s long-term borrowings, based upon stated maturity dates, was approximately 5 years at February 28, 2003.

 

6.    Capital Units and Preferred Securities Subject to Mandatory Redemption.

 

The Company has Capital Units outstanding that were issued by the Company and Morgan Stanley Finance plc (“MSF”), a U.K. subsidiary. A Capital Unit consists of (a) a Subordinated Debenture of MSF guaranteed by the Company and maturing in 2017 and (b) a related Purchase Contract issued by the Company, which may be accelerated by the Company, requiring the holder to purchase one Depositary Share representing shares (or fractional shares) of the Company’s Cumulative Preferred Stock. The aggregate amount of Capital Units outstanding was $66 million at both February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002.

 

Preferred Securities Subject to Mandatory Redemption (also referred to as “Capital Securities” herein) represent preferred minority interests in certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. Accordingly, dividends paid on Preferred Securities Subject to Mandatory Redemption are presented as a deduction to after-tax income (similar to minority interests in the income of subsidiaries) in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.

 

13


Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

MSDW Capital Trust I (“Capital Trust I”), Morgan Stanley Capital Trust II (“Capital Trust II”) and Morgan Stanley Capital Trust III (“Capital Trust III”) are consolidated Delaware statutory trusts (all of the common securities of which are owned by the Company) and have Capital Securities outstanding. The trusts invested the proceeds of the Capital Securities offerings and the proceeds from the sale of common securities to the Company in junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures issued by the Company, the terms of which parallel the terms of the Capital Securities. The Capital Securities are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company, based on the Company’s combined obligations under a guarantee, a trust agreement and a junior subordinated debt indenture.

 

During the quarter ended February 28, 2003, Capital Trust III issued $800 million of 6.25% Capital Securities (the “Capital Securities III”). In March 2003, an additional $80 million of Capital Securities III were issued.

 

The significant terms of the Preferred Securities Subject to Mandatory Redemption issued by Capital Trust I, Capital Trust II and Capital Trust III, and the corresponding junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures issued by the Company, are presented below:

 

Preferred Securities Subject to Mandatory
Redemption

  

Capital Trust I

  

Capital Trust II

 

Capital Trust III

Issuance Date

  

March 12, 1998

  

July 19, 2001

 

February 27, 2003

Preferred securities issued

  

16,000,000

  

32,400,000

 

32,000,000

Liquidation preference per security

  

$25

  

$25

 

$25

Liquidation value (in millions)

  

$400

  

$810

 

$800

Coupon rate

  

7.10%

  

7.25%

 

6.25%

Distribution payable

  

Quarterly

  

Quarterly

 

Quarterly

Distributions guaranteed by

  

Morgan Stanley

  

Morgan Stanley

 

Morgan Stanley

Mandatory redemption date

  

February 28, 2038

  

July 31, 2031(1)

 

March 1, 2033(2)

Redeemable by issuer on or after(3)

  

March 12, 2003

  

July 31, 2006

 

March 1, 2008

Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest
Debentures

        

Principal amount outstanding (in millions)(4)

  

$412

  

$835

 

$825

Coupon rate

  

7.10%

  

7.25%

 

6.25%

Interest payable

  

Quarterly

  

Quarterly

 

Quarterly

Maturity date

  

February 28, 2038

  

July 31, 2031(1)

 

March 1, 2033(2)

Redeemable by issuer on or after(3)

  

March 12, 2003

  

July 31, 2006

 

March 1, 2008


(1) May be extended to a date not later than July 31, 2050.
(2) May be extended to a date not later than March 1, 2052.
(3) Redeemable prior to this date in whole (but not in part) upon the occurrence of certain events.
(4) Purchased by the trusts with the proceeds of the Capital Securities offerings and the proceeds from the sale of common securities to the Company.

 

7.    Common Stock and Shareholders’ Equity.

 

MS&Co. and MSDWI are registered broker-dealers and registered futures commission merchants and, accordingly, are subject to the minimum net capital requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the New York Stock Exchange and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. MS&Co. and MSDWI have consistently operated in excess of these requirements. MS&Co.’s net capital totaled $4,806 million at February 28, 2003, which exceeded the amount required by $4,228 million. MSDWI’s net capital totaled $1,365 million at February 28, 2003, which exceeded the amount required by $1,268 million. MSIL, a London-based broker-dealer subsidiary, is subject to the capital requirements of the Financial Services Authority, and MSJL, a Tokyo-based broker-dealer, is subject to the capital requirements of the Financial Services Agency. MSIL and MSJL have consistently operated in excess of their respective regulatory capital requirements.

 

14


Table of Contents

MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

Under regulatory capital requirements adopted by the FDIC and other bank regulatory agencies, FDIC-insured financial institutions must maintain (a) 3% to 5% of Tier 1 capital, as defined, to average assets (“leverage ratio”), (b) 4% of Tier 1 capital, as defined, to risk-weighted assets (“Tier 1 risk-weighted capital ratio”) and (c) 8% of total capital, as defined, to risk-weighted assets (“total risk-weighted capital ratio”). At February 28, 2003, the leverage ratio, Tier 1 risk-weighted capital ratio and total risk-weighted capital ratio of each of the Company’s FDIC-insured financial institutions exceeded these regulatory minimums.

 

In fiscal 2002, the FDIC, in conjunction with other bank regulatory agencies, issued guidance requiring FDIC-insured financial institutions to treat accrued interest receivable related to credit card securitizations as a subordinated retained interest, which requires holding higher regulatory capital beginning December 31, 2002. After implementing this revised guidance, the Company’s FDIC-insured financial institutions have maintained capital ratios in excess of the regulatory minimums.

 

Certain other U.S. and non-U.S. subsidiaries are subject to various securities, commodities and banking regulations, and capital adequacy requirements promulgated by the regulatory and exchange authorities of the countries in which they operate. These subsidiaries have consistently operated in excess of their local capital adequacy requirements. Morgan Stanley Derivative Products Inc., the Company’s triple-A rated derivative products subsidiary, maintains certain operating restrictions that have been reviewed by various rating agencies.

 

During the quarters ended February 28, 2003 and 2002, the Company purchased approximately $170 million and $205 million of its common stock, respectively, through open market purchases at an average cost of $38.80 and $54.20 per share, respectively.

 

8.    Earnings per Share.

 

Basic EPS reflects no dilution from common stock equivalents. Diluted EPS reflects dilution from common stock equivalents and other dilutive securities based on the average price per share of the Company’s common stock during the period. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS (in millions, except for per share data):

 

    

Three Months Ended

February 28,


    

2003


  

2002


Basic EPS:

             

Net income available to common shareholders

  

$

905

  

$

848

    

  

Weighted-average common shares outstanding

  

 

1,079

  

 

1,082

    

  

Basic EPS

  

$

0.84

  

$

0.78

    

  

Diluted EPS:

             

Net income available to common shareholders

  

$

905

  

$

848

    

  

Weighted-average common shares outstanding

  

 

1,079

  

 

1,082

Effect of dilutive securities:

             

Stock options

  

 

20

  

 

30

Convertible debt

  

 

1

  

 

1

    

  

Weighted-average common shares outstanding and common stock equivalents

  

 

1,100

  

 

1,113

    

  

Diluted EPS

  

$

0.82

  

$

0.76

    

  

 

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MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

At February 28, 2003, there were approximately 88 million stock options outstanding that were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS, as the exercise price of such options exceeded the average price per share of the Company’s common stock.

 

9.    Commitments and Contingencies.

 

At February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002, the Company had approximately $5.6 billion and $3.6 billion, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding to satisfy various collateral requirements.

 

At February 28, 2003, the Company had $526 million of commitments in connection with its private equity and other principal investment activities. Additionally, the Company has provided and will continue to provide financing, including margin lending and other extensions of credit to clients, that may subject the Company to increased credit and liquidity risks.

 

In connection with its aircraft financing business, the Company has entered into agreements to purchase aircraft and related equipment. As of February 28, 2003, the aggregate amount of such purchase commitments was $73 million.

 

In connection with certain of its business activities, the Company provides to corporate clients, on a selective basis, through subsidiaries (including Morgan Stanley Bank), loans or lending commitments, including bridge financing. The borrowers may be rated investment grade or non-investment grade. These loans and commitments have varying terms, may be senior or subordinated, are generally contingent upon representations, warranties and contractual conditions applicable to the borrower, and may be syndicated or traded by the Company. At February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002, the aggregate value of investment grade loans and positions was $1.0 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively, and the aggregate value of non-investment grade loans and positions was $1.0 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively. At February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002, the Company’s aggregate investment grade lending commitments were $11.1 billion and $13.8 billion, respectively, and its aggregate non-investment grade lending commitments were $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively. In connection with these business activities (which include the loans and positions and lending commitments), the Company had hedges with a notional amount of $3.8 billion at February 28, 2003 and $4.4 billion at November 30, 2002. Requests to provide loans or lending commitments in connection with investment banking activities will continue and may grow in the future.

 

Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased represent obligations of the Company to deliver specified financial instruments at contracted prices, thereby creating commitments to purchase the financial instruments in the market at prevailing prices. Consequently, the Company’s ultimate obligation to satisfy the sale of financial instruments sold, not yet purchased may exceed the amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

 

At February 28, 2003, the Company had commitments to enter into reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements of approximately $44 billion and $67 billion, respectively.

 

In the normal course of business, the Company has been named, from time to time, as a defendant in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation, arising in connection with its activities as a global diversified financial services institution, certain of which legal actions include claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages. The Company also is involved, from time to time, in investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies,

 

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MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

certain of which may result in adverse judgments, fines or penalties. The number of these investigations and proceedings has increased in recent years with regard to many firms, including the Company. This increase has been exacerbated by the general decline of securities prices that began in 2000 and has continued in fiscal 2003. In some cases, the issuers that would otherwise be the primary defendants in such cases are bankrupt or otherwise in financial distress.

 

In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, particularly in cases in which claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages, the Company cannot predict with certainty the eventual loss or range of loss related to such matters. The Company is contesting liability and/or the amount of damages in each pending matter and believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of each matter will not have a material adverse effect on the condensed consolidated financial condition of the Company, although the outcome could be material to the Company’s operating results for a particular future period, depending on, among other things, the level of the Company’s income for such period.

 

10.    Derivative Contracts.

 

In the normal course of business, the Company enters into a variety of derivative contracts related to financial instruments and commodities. The Company uses swap agreements and other derivatives in managing its interest rate exposure. The Company also uses forward and option contracts, futures and swaps in its trading activities; these derivative instruments also are used to hedge the U.S. dollar cost of certain foreign currency exposures. In addition, financial futures and forward contracts are actively traded by the Company and are used to hedge proprietary inventory. The Company also enters into delayed delivery, when-issued, and warrant and option contracts involving securities. These instruments generally represent future commitments to swap interest payment streams, exchange currencies or purchase or sell other financial instruments on specific terms at specified future dates. Many of these products have maturities that do not extend beyond one year, although swaps and options and warrants on equities typically have longer maturities. For further discussion of these matters, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Derivative Financial Instruments” and Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2002, included in the Form 10-K.

 

These derivative instruments involve varying degrees of market risk. Future changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or the fair values of the financial instruments, commodities or indices underlying these contracts ultimately may result in cash settlements less than or exceeding fair value amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, which, as described in Note 1, are recorded at fair value.

 

The fair value (carrying amount) of derivative instruments represents the amount at which the derivative could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or distressed sale, and is further described in Note 1. Future changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or the fair values of the financial instruments, commodities or indices underlying these contracts ultimately may result in cash settlements exceeding fair value amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The amounts in the following table represent unrealized gains and losses on exchange traded and OTC options and other contracts (including interest rate, foreign exchange, and other forward contracts and swaps) for derivatives used by the Company for trading and investment and for asset and liability management, net of offsetting positions in situations where netting is appropriate. The asset amounts are not reported net of collateral, which the Company obtains with respect to certain of these transactions to reduce its exposure to credit losses (see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Credit Risk” in Part I, Item 3).

 

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

Credit risk with respect to derivative instruments arises from the failure of a counterparty to perform according to the terms of the contract. The Company’s exposure to credit risk at any point in time is represented by the fair value of the contracts reported as assets. The Company monitors the creditworthiness of counterparties to these transactions on an ongoing basis and requests additional collateral when deemed necessary. The Company believes the ultimate settlement of the transactions outstanding at February 28, 2003 will not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition.

 

The Company’s derivatives (both listed and OTC) at February 28, 2003 and November 30, 2002 are summarized in the table below, showing the fair value of the related assets and liabilities by product:

 

    

At February 28, 2003


  

At November 30, 2002


    

Assets


  

Liabilities


  

Assets


  

Liabilities


    

(dollars in millions)

Interest rate and currency swaps and options, credit derivatives and other fixed income securities contracts

  

$

32,723

  

$

25,324

  

$

25,456

  

$

18,225

Foreign exchange forward contracts and options

  

 

4,777

  

 

4,304

  

 

2,308

  

 

2,508

Equity securities contracts (including equity swaps, warrants and options)

  

 

3,655

  

 

4,415

  

 

3,933

  

 

4,472

Commodity forwards, options and swaps

  

 

9,080

  

 

8,561

  

 

3,918

  

 

3,780

    

  

  

  

Total

  

$

50,235

  

$

42,604

  

$

35,615

  

$

28,985

    

  

  

  

 

A substantial portion of the Company’s securities and commodities transactions are collateralized and are executed with and on behalf of commercial banks and other institutional investors, including other brokers and dealers. Positions taken and commitments made by the Company, including positions taken and underwriting and financing commitments made in connection with its private equity and other principal investment activities, often involve substantial amounts and significant exposure to individual issuers and businesses, including non-investment grade issuers. The Company seeks to limit concentration risk created in its businesses through a variety of separate but complementary financial, position and credit exposure reporting systems, including the use of trading limits based in part upon the Company’s review of the financial condition and credit ratings of its counterparties.

 

See also “Risk Management” in the Form 10-K for discussions of the Company’s risk management policies and procedures for its securities businesses.

 

11.    Segment Information.

 

The Company structures its segments primarily based upon the nature of the financial products and services provided to customers and the Company’s management organization. The Company provides a wide range of financial products and services to its customers in each of its business segments: Institutional Securities, Individual Investor Group, Investment Management and Credit Services. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-period amounts to conform to the current year’s presentation.

 

The Company’s Institutional Securities business includes securities underwriting and distribution; financial advisory services, including advice on mergers and acquisitions, restructurings, real estate and project finance; sales, trading, financing and market-making activities in equity securities and related products and fixed income securities and related products, including foreign exchange and commodities; principal investing and aircraft financing activities. The Company’s Individual Investor Group business provides comprehensive financial planning and investment advisory services designed to accommodate individual investment goals and risk

 

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MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

profiles. The Company’s Investment Management business provides global asset management products and services for individual and institutional investors through three principal distribution channels: a proprietary channel consisting of the Company’s financial advisors and investment representatives; a non-proprietary channel consisting of third-party broker-dealers, banks, financial planners and other intermediaries; and the Company’s institutional channel. The Company’s private equity activities also are included within the Investment Management business segment. The Company’s Credit Services business offers Discover-branded cards and other consumer finance products and services and includes the operation of Discover Business Services, a network of merchant and cash access locations primarily in the U.S.

 

Revenues and expenses directly associated with each respective segment are included in determining their operating results. Other revenues and expenses that are not directly attributable to a particular segment are allocated based upon the Company’s allocation methodologies, generally based on each segment’s respective revenues or other relevant measures. Allocation decisions in global financial services businesses are by their nature complex and subjective and involve a high degree of judgment. Management continues to evaluate the segment allocation methodology, and the effect of any changes may be material to a particular segment. Therefore, business segment results in the future may reflect reallocations of revenues and expenses that result from such changes. Reallocations of revenues or expenses among segments will have no effect on the Company’s overall results of operations.

 

Selected financial information for the Company’s segments is presented below:

 

Three Months Ended February 28, 2003


  

Institutional

Securities


  

Individual Investor Group


      

Investment Management


  

Credit Services


  

Total


    

(dollars in millions)

Net revenues excluding net interest

  

$

2,415

  

$

854

 

    

$

517

  

$

591

  

$

4,377

Net interest

  

 

746

  

 

46

 

    

 

2

  

 

307

  

 

1,101

    

  


    

  

  

Net revenues

  

$

3,161

  

$

900

 

    

$

519

  

$

898

  

$

5,478

    

  


    

  

  

Income (loss) before income taxes and dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

$

967

  

$

(3

)

    

$

172

  

$

290

  

$

1,426

Income tax provision (benefit)

  

 

327

  

 

(2

)

    

 

66

  

 

108

  

 

499

Dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

 

22

  

 

—  

 

    

 

—  

  

 

—  

  

 

22

    

  


    

  

  

Net income (loss)

  

$

618

  

$

(1

)

    

$

106

  

$

182

  

$

905

    

  


    

  

  

Three Months Ended February 28, 2002(1)


  

Institutional Securities


  

Individual Investor Group


      

Investment Management


  

Credit Services


  

Total


    

(dollars in millions)

Net revenues excluding net interest

  

$

2,250

  

$

960

 

    

$

616

  

$

539

  

$

4,365

Net interest

  

 

550

  

 

59

 

    

 

7

  

 

284

  

 

900

    

  


    

  

  

Net revenues

  

$

2,800

  

$

1,019

 

    

$

623

  

$

823

  

$

5,265

    

  


    

  

  

Income before income taxes and dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

$

847

  

$

9

 

    

$

236

  

$

255

  

$

1,347

Provision for income taxes

  

 

295

  

 

2

 

    

 

92

  

 

88

  

 

477

Dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

 

22

  

 

—  

 

    

 

—  

  

 

—  

  

 

22

    

  


    

  

  

Net income

  

$

530

  

$

7

 

    

$

144

  

$

167

  

$

848

    

  


    

  

  

 

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MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Total Assets(2)


  

Institutional Securities


  

Individual Investor Group


  

Investment Management


  

Credit

Services


  

Total


    

(dollars in millions)

February 28, 2003

  

$

518,568

  

$

8,934

  

$

5,327

  

$

26,607

  

$

559,436

    

  

  

  

  

November 30, 2002

  

$

487,718

  

$

8,207

  

$

5,131

  

$

28,443

  

$

529,499

    

  

  

  

  


(1) Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current presentation.
(2) Corporate assets have been fully allocated to the Company’s business segments.

 

12.    Gain on Sale of Building.

 

In the first quarter of fiscal 2002, the Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $73 million related to the sale of an office tower in New York City. The pre-tax gain was included within the Institutional Securities ($53 million), Individual Investor Group ($7 million) and Investment Management ($13 million) business segments. The allocation was based upon occupancy levels originally planned for the building.

 

13.    Aircraft Asset Charge.

 

As disclosed in Note 19 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Form 10-K, the Company has determined to use “market value” estimates provided by one or more independent appraisers to estimate fair value for its impaired aircraft. Prior to fiscal 2003, the Company had used “base value” estimates provided by independent appraisal companies to estimate the fair value of its impaired aircraft. Accordingly, during the quarter ended February 28, 2003, the Company recorded a non-cash pre-tax charge of $36 million to adjust the carrying value of previously impaired aircraft to “market value”. The charge is reflected in Other expenses in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income. The results of the aircraft financing business are included in the Company’s Institutional Securities business segment (see Note 11).

 

14.    Restructuring and Other Charges.

 

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2002, the Company recognized restructuring and other charges of $235 million (pre-tax). The charge reflected several actions that were intended to resize and refocus certain business areas in order to address the difficult conditions in the global financial markets. Such conditions, including significantly lower levels of investment banking activity and decreased retail investor participation in the equity markets, have had an adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations, particularly in its Institutional Securities and Individual Investor Group businesses.

 

This charge consisted of space-related costs of $162 million and severance-related costs of $73 million. The space-related costs were attributable to the closure or subletting of excess office space, primarily in the U.S. and the U.K., as well as the Company’s decision to consolidate its Individual Investor Group branch locations. The majority of the space-related costs consisted of rental charges and the write-off of furniture, fixtures and other fixed assets at the affected office locations. The severance-related costs were attributable to workforce reductions. The Company reduced the number of its employees by approximately 2,200 during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2002, primarily in the Institutional Securities and Individual Investor Group businesses. The majority of the severance-related costs consisted of severance payments provided to the affected individuals.

 

At February 28, 2003, the remaining liability associated with these charges was approximately $150 million, which was included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. The majority of the decrease from the original liability of $235 million was due to cash payments of severance-related costs that

 

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MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

were made by the Company during the first quarter of fiscal 2003. The decline in the liability balance during the quarter ended February 28, 2003 also reflected net rental payments associated with the office locations referred to above.

 

15.    Variable Interest Entities.

 

In January 2003, the FASB issued FIN 46, which clarifies the application of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties (“variable interest entities”). Variable interest entities (“VIEs”) are required to be consolidated by their primary beneficiaries if they do not effectively disperse risks among parties involved. Under FIN 46, the primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that absorbs a majority of the entity’s expected losses, receives a majority of its expected residual returns, or both, as a result of holding variable interests. FIN 46 also requires new disclosures about VIEs.

 

On February 1, 2003, the Company adopted FIN 46 for VIEs created after January 31, 2003 and for VIEs in which the Company obtains an interest after January 31, 2003. The Company will adopt FIN 46 on September 1, 2003 for VIEs in which it holds a variable interest that it acquired before February 1, 2003. The Company is involved with various entities in the normal course of business that may be deemed to be VIEs and may hold interests therein, including interest-only strip investments and derivative instruments, that may be considered variable interests. Transactions associated with these entities include asset- and mortgage-backed securitizations and structured financings (including collateralized debt, bond or loan obligations and credit-linked notes). The Company engages in these transactions principally to facilitate client needs and as a means of selling financial assets. The Company currently consolidates entities in which it has a controlling financial interest in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. For those entities deemed to be qualifying special purpose entities (as defined in SFAS No. 140), which includes the credit card asset securitization master trusts (see Note 4), the Company does not consolidate the entity.

 

At February 28, 2003, in connection with its Institutional Securities business, the aggregate size of a collateralized debt obligation entity for which the Company was the primary beneficiary of the entity was approximately $270 million, which is the carrying amount of the consolidated assets recorded as Financial instruments owned that are collateral for the entity’s obligations. The beneficial interest holders of this consolidated entity have no recourse to the general credit of the Company. At February 28, 2003, also in connection with its Institutional Securities business, the aggregate size of the entities for which the Company holds significant variable interests, which were acquired during February 2003 and consist of subordinated beneficial interests, was approximately $876 million. The Company’s variable interests associated with these entities, primarily financial asset-backed securitization and collateralized debt obligation entities, was approximately $22 million, which represents the Company’s maximum exposure to loss at February 28, 2003.

 

The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that it will either disclose information in its Form 10-K for fiscal 2003 about certain VIEs created before February 1, 2003 for which it holds a significant variable interest or it will be the primary beneficiary of the entity and thus be required to consolidate the VIE on September 1, 2003. At February 28, 2003, in connection with its Institutional Securities business, the aggregate size of the entities for which the Company’s interest is either significant or for which the Company could be deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the entity was approximately $7.0 billion. The Company’s variable interests associated with these entities, primarily financial asset-backed securitization, credit-linked note and collateralized debt and loan obligation entities, was approximately $79 million, which represents the Company’s maximum exposure to loss at February 28, 2003. In connection with its Investment Management business, where the Company is the asset manager for collateralized bond and loan obligation entities, the aggregate size of potential VIEs at February 28,

 

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MORGAN STANLEY

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2003 was approximately $2.3 billion. The Company’s variable interests associated with its Investment Management activities was approximately $0.7 million, which represents the Company’s maximum exposure to loss at February 28, 2003.

 

The Company purchases and sells interests in entities that may be deemed to be VIEs in its market-making capacity in the ordinary course of its Institutional Securities business. As a result of these activities, it is reasonably possible that such entities may be consolidated and deconsolidated at various points in time. Therefore, the Company’s variable interests included above may not be held by the Company at its fiscal 2003 year-end.

 

16.    Guarantees.

 

FASB Interpretation No. 45 (“FIN 45”), “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others,” requires the Company to disclose information about its obligations under certain guarantee arrangements. FIN 45 defines guarantees as contracts and indemnification agreements that contingently require a guarantor to make payments to the guaranteed party based on changes in an underlying (such as an interest or foreign exchange rate, security or commodity price, an index or the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a specified event) related to an asset, liability or equity security of a guaranteed party. FIN 45 also defines guarantees as contracts that contingently require the guarantor to make payments to the guaranteed party based on another entity’s failure to perform under an agreement as well as indirect guarantees of the indebtedness of others.

 

Under FIN 45, certain derivative contracts meet the accounting definition of a guarantee, including certain written options and credit default swaps. Although the Company’s derivative arrangements do not specifically identify whether the derivative counterparty retains the underlying asset, liability or equity security, the Company has disclosed information regarding all derivative contracts that could meet the FIN 45 definition of a guarantee. In order to provide information regarding the maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under certain derivative contracts, the notional amount of the contracts has been disclosed. However, the maximum potential payout for certain derivative contracts, such as written interest rate caps and written foreign currency options, cannot be estimated as increases in interest or foreign exchange rates in the future could possibly be unlimited.

 

The Company does not monitor its risk exposure to such derivative contracts based on derivative notional amounts; rather the Company manages its risk exposure on a fair value basis. Aggregate market risk limits have been established and market risk measures are routinely monitored against these limits. The Company also manages its exposure to these derivative contracts through a variety of risk mitigation strategies including, but not limited to, entering into offsetting economic hedge positions. The Company records all derivative contracts on its condensed consolidated statements of financial condition at fair value and believes that the notional amounts of the derivative contracts generally overstate its exposure. For further discussion of the Company’s derivative risk management activities see Note 11 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements in the Form 10-K and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Risk Management” in Part II, Item 7A of the Form 10-K.

 

In connection with its corporate lending business and other corporate activities, the Company provides standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees to counterparties. Such arrangements represent obligations to make payments to third parties if the counterparty fails to fulfill its obligation under a borrowing arrangement or other contractual obligation. The Company has also entered into liquidity facilities with special purpose entities (“SPEs”) and other counterparties whereby the Company is required to make certain payments if losses or defaults occur. The Company often may have recourse to the underlying assets held by the SPEs in the event payments are required under such liquidity facilities.

 

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

 

The table below summarizes certain information regarding these guarantees at February 28, 2003:

 

    

Maximum Potential Payout/Notional


           

Type of Guarantee


  

Years to Maturity


       

Carrying Amount


    

Collateral/

Recourse


    

Less than 1


  

1-3


  

3-5


  

Over 5


  

Total


           
    

(dollars in millions)

Derivative contracts

  

$

251,563

  

$

129,959

  

$

114,626

  

$

96,368

  

$

592,516

  

$

21,788

    

$

65

Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees

  

 

172

  

 

498

  

 

63

  

 

43

  

 

776

  

 

7

    

 

70

Liquidity facilities

  

 

475

  

 

20

  

 

—  

  

 

241

  

 

736

  

 

—  

    

 

—  

 

In the normal course of its business, the Company provides standard indemnities to counterparties for taxes, including U.S. and foreign withholding taxes, on interest and other payments made on derivatives, securities and stock lending transactions and certain annuity products. These indemnity payments could be required based on a change in the tax laws or change in interpretation of applicable tax rulings. Certain contracts contain provisions that enable the Company to terminate the agreement upon the occurrence of such events. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under these indemnifications cannot be estimated. The Company has not recorded any contingent liability in the condensed consolidated financial statements for these indemnifications and believes that the occurrence of any events that would trigger payments under these contracts is remote.

 

The Company is a member of various U.S. and non-U.S. exchanges and clearinghouses that trade and clear securities and/or futures contracts. Associated with its membership, the Company may be required to pay a proportionate share of the financial obligations of another member who may default on its obligations to the exchange or the clearinghouse. While the rules governing different exchange or clearinghouse memberships vary, in general the Company’s guarantee obligations would arise only if the exchange or clearinghouse had previously exhausted its resources. In addition, any such guarantee obligation would be apportioned among the other non-defaulting members of the exchange or clearinghouse. Any potential contingent liability under these membership agreements cannot be estimated. The Company has not recorded any contingent liability in the condensed consolidated financial statements for these agreements and believes that any potential requirement to make payments under these agreements is remote.

 

As a general partner in certain private equity and real estate partnerships, the Company receives distributions from the partnerships according to the provisions of the partnership agreements. The Company may, from time to time, be required to return all or a portion of such distributions to the limited partners in the event the limited partners do not achieve a certain return as specified in various partnership agreements, subject to certain limitations. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under these provisions can not be estimated as future returns of the partnerships are not known. As of February 28, 2003, the Company has recorded a liability of $69 million for distributions that the Company has determined it is probable it will be required to refund based on the applicable refund criteria specified in the various partnership agreements.

 

As part of the Company’s Institutional Securities and Credit Services securitization activities, the Company provides representations and warranties that certain securitized assets conform to specified guidelines. The Company may be required to repurchase such assets or indemnify the purchaser against losses if the assets do not meet certain conforming guidelines. Due diligence is performed by the Company to ensure that asset guideline qualifications are met, and to the extent the Company has acquired such assets to be securitized from other parties, the Company seeks to obtain its own representations and warranties regarding the assets. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make would be equal to the current outstanding balances of all assets subject to such securitization activities. Also, in connection with originations of

 

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

residential mortgage loans under the Company’s FlexSource® program, the Company may permit borrowers to pledge marketable securities as collateral instead of requiring cash down payments for the purchase of the underlying residential property. Upon sale of the residential mortgage loans, the Company may provide a surety bond that reimburses the purchasers for shortfalls in the borrowers’ securities accounts if the collateral maintained in the securities accounts (along with the associated real estate collateral) is insufficient to cover losses that purchasers experience as a result of defaults by borrowers on the underlying residential mortgage loans. The Company requires the borrowers to meet daily collateral calls to ensure the marketable securities pledged in lieu of a cash down payment are sufficient. At February 28, 2003, the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company may be required to make under its surety bond was $194 million, which represents the value of the marketable securities pledged by the borrowers as collateral in lieu of a cash down payment. The Company has not recorded any contingent liability in the condensed consolidated financial statements for these representations and warranties and reimbursement agreements and believes that the probability of any payments under these arrangements is remote.

 

In connection with its Credit Services business, the Company owns and operates merchant processing services in the U.S. related to its general purpose credit cards. As a merchant processor in the U.S. and an issuer of credit cards in the U.K., the Company is contingently liable for processed credit card sales transactions in the event of a dispute between the cardmember and a merchant. If a dispute is resolved in the cardmember’s favor, the Company will credit or refund the amount to the cardmember and chargeback the transaction to the merchant. If the Company is unable to collect the amount from the merchant, the Company will bear the loss for the amount credited or refunded to the cardmember. In most instances, a payment requirement by the Company is unlikely to arise because most products or services are delivered when purchased and credits are issued by merchants on returned items in a timely fashion. However, where the product or service is not provided until some later date following the purchase, the likelihood of payment by the Company increases. The maximum potential amount of future payments related to this contingent liability is estimated to be the total cardmember sales transaction volume to date that could qualify as a valid disputed transaction under the Company’s merchant processing network and cardmember agreements; however, the Company believes that this amount is not representative of the Company’s actual potential loss exposure based on the Company’s historical experience. For example, the Company processes cardmember transactions for airline ticket purchases. In the event an airline ceases operations, the Company could be contingently liable to its cardmembers for refunds of the ticket purchase prices. The maximum potential amount of future payments related to this contingent liability is estimated to be the total cardmember airline ticket transaction volume as of February 28, 2003 to the extent that such travel has not yet occurred.

 

During the three months ended February 28, 2003, the Company incurred losses related to merchant chargebacks of $4 million and processed aggregate credit card transaction volume of $26.1 billion. The Company mitigates this risk by withholding settlement from merchants or obtaining escrow deposits from certain merchants that are considered higher risk due to various factors such as time delays in the delivery of products or services. At February 28, 2003, the Company had settlement withholdings and escrow deposits of $34 million.

 

The Company may, from time to time, in its role as investment banking advisor be required to provide guarantees in connection with certain European merger and acquisition transactions. If required by the regulating authorities, the Company provides a guarantee that the acquirer in the merger and acquisition transaction has or will have sufficient funds to complete the transaction and would then be required to make the acquisition payments in the event the acquirer’s funds are insufficient at the completion date of the transaction. These arrangements generally cover the time frame from the transaction offer date to its closing date and are therefore generally short-term in nature. The likelihood of any payment by the Company under these arrangements is remote given the level of the Company’s due diligence associated with its role as investment banking advisor. There were no such arrangements outstanding at February 28, 2003.

 

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INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS’ REPORT

 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of

Morgan Stanley:

 

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial condition of Morgan Stanley and subsidiaries as of February 28, 2003, and the related condensed consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income and cash flows for the three-month periods ended February 28, 2003 and 2002. These condensed consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the management of Morgan Stanley.

 

We conducted our review in accordance with standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures to financial data and of making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

 

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to such condensed consolidated financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

We have previously audited, in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, the consolidated statement of financial condition of Morgan Stanley and subsidiaries as of November 30, 2002, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders’ equity for the fiscal year then ended (not presented herein) included in Morgan Stanley’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2002; and, in our report dated January 10, 2003, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial condition as of November 30, 2002 is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated statement of financial condition from which it has been derived.

 

/S/    DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

 

New York, New York

April 11, 2003

 

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Item 2.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

Introduction

 

Morgan Stanley (the “Company”) is a global financial services firm that maintains leading market positions in each of its business segments—Institutional Securities, Individual Investor Group, Investment Management and Credit Services. The Company’s Institutional Securities business includes securities underwriting and distribution; financial advisory services, including advice on mergers and acquisitions, restructurings, real estate and project finance; sales, trading, financing and market-making activities in equity securities and related products and fixed income securities and related products, including foreign exchange and commodities; principal investing and aircraft financing activities. The Company’s Individual Investor Group business provides comprehensive financial planning and investment advisory services designed to accommodate individual investment goals and risk profiles. The Company’s Investment Management business provides global asset management products and services for individual and institutional investors through three principal distribution channels: a proprietary channel consisting of the Company’s financial advisors and investment representatives; a non-proprietary channel consisting of third-party broker-dealers, banks, financial planners and other intermediaries; and the Company’s institutional channel. The Company’s private equity activities also are included within the Investment Management business segment. The Company’s Credit Services business offers Discover®-branded cards and other consumer finance products and services and includes the operation of Discover Business Services, a network of merchant and cash access locations primarily in the U.S.

 

Results of Operations*

 

Certain Factors Affecting Results of Operations.    The Company’s results of operations may be materially affected by market fluctuations and by economic factors. In addition, results of operations in the past have been, and in the future may continue to be, materially affected by many factors of a global nature, including political, economic and market conditions; the availability and cost of capital; the level and volatility of equity prices, commodity prices and interest rates; currency values and other market indices; technological changes and events; the availability and cost of credit; inflation; and investor sentiment and confidence in the financial markets. In addition, there has been a heightened level of legislative, legal and regulatory developments related to the financial services industry that may affect future results of operations. Such factors also may have an impact on the Company’s ability to achieve its strategic objectives on a global basis, including (without limitation) increased market share in all of its businesses, growth in assets under management and expansion of its Credit Services business.

 

The Company’s Institutional Securities business, particularly its involvement in primary and secondary markets for all types of financial products, including derivatives, is subject to substantial positive and negative fluctuations due to a variety of factors that cannot be predicted with great certainty, including variations in the fair value of securities and other financial products and the volatility and liquidity of global trading markets. Fluctuations also occur due to the level of global market activity, which, among other things, affects the size, number, and timing of investment banking client assignments and transactions and the realization of returns from the Company’s principal investments. Such factors also affect the level of individual investor participation in the financial markets, which impacts the results of the Individual Investor Group. The level of global market activity also could impact the flow of investment capital into or from assets under management and supervision and the way in which such capital is allocated among money market, equity, fixed income or other investment alternatives, which could cause fluctuations to occur in the Company’s Investment Management business. In the

 


* This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements as well as a discussion of some of the risks and uncertainties involved in the Company’s businesses that could affect the matters referred to in such statements.

 

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Company’s Credit Services business, changes in economic variables, such as the number and size of personal bankruptcy filings, the rate of unemployment, and the level of consumer confidence and consumer debt, may substantially affect consumer loan levels and credit quality, which, in turn, could impact the results of Credit Services.

 

The Company’s results of operations also may be materially affected by competitive factors. Included among the principal competitive factors affecting the Institutional Securities and Individual Investor Group businesses are the Company’s reputation, the quality of its professionals and other personnel, its products, services and advice, capital commitments, relative pricing and innovation. Competition in the Company’s Investment Management business is affected by a number of factors, including the Company’s reputation; investment objectives; relative performance of investment products; advertising and sales promotion efforts; fee levels, distribution channels, and types and quality of services offered. In the Credit Services business, competition centers on merchant acceptance of credit cards, account acquisition and customer utilization of credit cards, all of which are impacted by the types of fees, interest rates and other features offered.

 

Besides competition from firms traditionally engaged in the financial services business, competition has continued to increase from other sources, such as commercial banks, insurance companies, sponsors of mutual funds and other companies offering financial services in the U.S., globally and through the Internet. The financial services industry has experienced consolidation and convergence, as financial institutions involved in a broad range of financial services industries have merged. Such convergence may continue and could result in the Company’s competitors gaining greater capital and other resources, such as a broader range of products and services and geographic diversity. In addition, the Company has experienced competition for qualified employees. The Company’s ability to sustain or improve its competitive position will substantially depend on its ability to continue to attract and retain qualified employees while managing compensation costs.

 

For a detailed discussion of the competitive and regulatory factors in the Company’s businesses, see “Competition” and “Regulation” in Part I, Item 1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2002 (the “Form 10-K”).

 

As a result of the above economic and competitive factors, net income and revenues in any particular period may not be representative of full-year results and may vary significantly from year to year and from quarter to quarter. The Company intends to manage its business for the long term and to mitigate the potential effects of market downturns by strengthening its competitive position in the global financial services industry through diversification of its revenue sources, enhancement of its global franchise, and management of costs and its capital structure. The Company’s overall financial results will continue to be affected by its ability and success in addressing client goals; maintaining high levels of profitable business activities; emphasizing fee-based products that are designed to generate a continuing stream of revenues; evaluating credit product pricing; managing risks, costs and its capital position; and maintaining its strong reputation and franchise. In addition, the complementary trends in the financial services industry of consolidation and globalization present, among other things, technological, risk management and other infrastructure challenges that will require effective resource allocation in order for the Company to remain competitive.

 

Global Market and Economic Conditions in the Quarter Ended February 28, 2003.    The difficult global market and economic conditions that existed during fiscal 2002 persisted in the first quarter of fiscal 2003. In addition, global geopolitical tensions continued to escalate as the prospects of a war in Iraq seemed imminent. While these conditions adversely affected several of the Company’s business areas, favorable conditions in the fixed income and commodities markets led to improved results in the Company’s Institutional Securities segment.

 

In the U.S., the rate of economic growth declined in late 2002 and early 2003, primarily due to a relatively high unemployment rate and sharp rise in energy prices. Consumer consumption was also weaker, reflecting a significant decline in consumer confidence during the quarter. Such decline reflected increased geopolitical concerns, terrorist threats, the mobilization of U.S. military forces in the Middle East and lingering concerns over

 

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the resilience of the U.S. economy and financial markets. As a result of these factors, investor confidence remained weak, and major equity market indices continued to decline. In addition, heightened risk aversion in the U.S. fixed income markets caused U.S. Treasury yields to fall to near-historic lows. The Federal Reserve Board left both the discount rate and the overnight lending rate unchanged during the quarter.

 

In Europe, economic conditions were also difficult, as increased geopolitical tensions and the associated rise in oil prices, as well as difficult conditions in the financial markets and the world economy, negatively impacted consumer confidence and consumption, business investment and labor markets. The continued appreciation of the euro relative to the U.S. dollar also raised concerns regarding future economic growth in the region. As a result of these conditions, the European Central Bank (“ECB”) lowered the benchmark interest rate by 0.50% during the quarter. In March 2003, the ECB lowered the benchmark interest rate by an additional 0.25%. The Bank of England also reduced the benchmark interest rate during the quarter by 0.25%.

 

In Japan, the economic outlook remained substantially uncertain, although the decline in business investment moderated. Relatively high unemployment levels and an ongoing decline in wages contributed to low levels of consumer spending. Net exports were virtually flat as compared with the fourth quarter of fiscal 2002. While other Asian economies continued to exhibit signs of recovery, the strength and pace of their recovery is largely dependent on developments elsewhere in the world, particularly in the U.S.

 

Results of the Company for the Quarter Ended February 28, 2003.    The Company’s net income was $905 million, an increase of 7% from the comparable period of fiscal 2002.

 

Diluted earnings per common share were $0.82 as compared with $0.76 in the comparable period of fiscal 2002. The Company’s annualized return on common equity was 16.3% as compared with 16.4% in the comparable period of fiscal 2002.

 

At February 28, 2003, the Company had approximately 54,000 worldwide employees, a decrease of 9% from February 28, 2002. The reduction in staffing levels reflected the Company’s efforts to manage costs in light of the weakened global economy and reduced business activity.

 

Restructuring and Other Charges.    In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2002, the Company recognized restructuring and other charges of $235 million (pre-tax). The charge reflected several actions that were intended to resize and refocus certain business areas in order to address the difficult conditions in the global financial markets. Such conditions, including significantly lower levels of investment banking activity and decreased retail investor participation in the equity markets, have had an adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations, particularly in its Institutional Securities and Individual Investor Group businesses.

 

This charge consisted of space-related costs of $162 million and severance-related costs of $73 million. The space-related costs were attributable to the closure or subletting of excess office space, primarily in the U.S. and the U.K., as well as the Company’s decision to consolidate its Individual Investor Group branch locations. The majority of the space-related costs consisted of rental charges and the write-off of furniture, fixtures and other fixed assets at the affected office locations. The severance-related costs were attributable to workforce reductions. The Company reduced the number of its employees by approximately 2,200 during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2002, primarily in the Institutional Securities and Individual Investor Group businesses. The majority of the severance-related costs consisted of severance payments provided to the affected individuals.

 

At February 28, 2003, the remaining liability associated with these charges was approximately $150 million, which was included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. The majority of the decrease from the original liability of $235 million was due to cash payments of severance-related costs that were made by the Company during the first quarter of fiscal 2003. The decline in the liability balance during the quarter ended February 28, 2003 also reflected net rental payments associated with the office locations referred to above.

 

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Business Segments.    The remainder of Results of Operations is presented on a business segment basis. Substantially all of the operating revenues and operating expenses of the Company can be directly attributed to its business segments: Institutional Securities, Individual Investor Group, Investment Management and Credit Services. Certain revenues and expenses have been allocated to each business segment, generally in proportion to their respective revenues or other relevant measures.

 

Allocation decisions in global financial services businesses are by their nature complex and subjective and involve a high degree of judgment. Management continues to evaluate the segment allocation methodology, and the effect of any changes may be material to a particular segment. Therefore, business segment results in the future may reflect reallocations of revenues and expenses that result from such changes. Reallocations of revenues or expenses among segments will have no effect on the Company’s overall results of operations.

 

A substantial portion of the Company’s compensation expense represents performance-based bonuses, which are determined at the end of the Company’s fiscal year. The segment allocation of these bonuses reflects, among other factors, the overall performance of the Company as well as the performance of individual business units. The timing and magnitude of changes in the Company’s bonus accruals can have a significant effect on segment operating results in a given period.

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior-period segment amounts to conform to the current year’s presentation.

 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., which require the Company to make estimates and assumptions (see Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements). The Company believes that of its significant accounting policies (see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2002 in the Form 10-K), the following may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity.

 

Fair Value.    Financial instruments owned of $197 billion and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased of $101 billion at February 28, 2003, which include cash and derivative products, are recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, and gains and losses are reflected in principal trading revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Fair value is the amount at which financial instruments could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or distressed sale.

 

The price transparency of the particular product will determine the degree of judgment involved in determining the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments. Price transparency is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, the type of product, whether it is a new product and not yet established in the marketplace, and the characteristics particular to the transaction. Products for which actively quoted prices or pricing parameters are available or for which fair value is derived from actively quoted prices or pricing parameters will generally have a higher degree of price transparency. By contrast, products that are thinly or not quoted will generally have reduced to no price transparency. Even in normally active markets, the price transparency for actively quoted instruments may be reduced for periods of time during periods of market dislocation. Alternatively, in thinly quoted markets, the participation of market-makers willing to purchase and sell a product provides a source of transparency for products that otherwise are not actively quoted or during periods of market dislocation.

 

A substantial percentage of the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, is based on observable market prices, observable market parameters, or is derived from such prices or parameters. The availability of observable market prices and pricing parameters can vary from product to product. Where available, observable market prices and pricing parameters in a product (or

 

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a related product) may be used to derive a price without requiring significant judgment. In certain markets, observable market prices or market parameters are not available for all products, and fair value is determined using techniques appropriate for each particular product. These analyses may involve a degree of judgment.

 

The Company’s cash products include securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities, other sovereign debt obligations, corporate and other debt securities, corporate equity securities, exchange traded funds and physical commodities. The fair value of these products is based principally on observable market prices or is derived from observable market parameters. These products generally do not entail a significant degree of judgment in determining fair value. Examples of products for which actively quoted prices or pricing parameters are available or for which fair value is derived from actively quoted prices or pricing parameters include securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities, exchange traded corporate equity securities, most municipal debt securities, most corporate debt securities, most high-yield debt securities, physical commodities, certain traded loan products and most mortgage-backed securities.

 

By contrast, some cash products exhibit little or no price transparency, and the determination of the fair value requires more judgment. Examples of cash products with little or no price transparency include certain high-yield debt, certain collateralized mortgage obligations, certain traded loan products, distressed debt securities (i.e., securities of issuers encountering financial difficulties, including bankruptcy or insolvency) and equity securities that are not publicly traded. Generally, the fair value of these types of cash products is determined using one of several valuation techniques appropriate for the product, which can include cash flow analysis, revenue or net income analysis, default recovery analysis (i.e., analysis of the likelihood of default and the potential for recovery) and other analyses applied consistently. At February 28, 2003, the fair value of cash products with little or no price transparency recorded in financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased was $7.3 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively.

 

The Company’s derivative products include listed and over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives. Listed derivatives have valuation attributes similar to the cash products valued using observable market prices or market parameters described above. Fair values for listed derivatives recorded as financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased amounted to $2.0 billion and $2.2 billion, respectively, at February 28, 2003. OTC derivatives included a wide variety of instruments, such as interest rate swap and option contracts, foreign currency option contracts, credit and equity swap and option contracts, and commodity swap and option contracts. Fair values for OTC derivative products recorded as financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, which amounted to $48.2 billion and $40.4 billion, respectively, at February 28, 2003, were derived from pricing models.

 

The fair value of OTC derivative contracts is derived from pricing models, which may require multiple market input parameters. This technique is deemed more reliable than subjective adjustment to prices obtained for similar instruments. The Company relies on pricing models as a valuation methodology to determine fair value for OTC derivative products because market convention is to quote input parameters to models rather than prices, not because of a lack of an active trading market. The term “model” typically refers to a mathematical calculation methodology based on accepted financial theories. Depending on the product and the terms of the transaction, the fair value of OTC derivative products can be modeled using a series of techniques, including closed form analytic formulae, such as the Black-Scholes option pricing model, simulation models or a combination thereof, applied consistently. In the case of more established derivative products, the pricing models used by the Company are widely accepted by the financial services industry. Pricing models take into account the contract terms, including the maturity, as well as quoted market parameters such as interest rates, volatility and the creditworthiness of the counterparty.

 

Many pricing models do not entail material subjectivity because the methodologies employed do not necessitate significant judgment and the pricing inputs are observed from actively quoted markets, as is the case for generic interest rate swap and option contracts. A substantial majority of OTC derivative products valued by the Company using pricing models falls into this category. Other derivative products, typically the newest and most

 

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complex products, will require more judgment in the implementation of the modeling technique applied due to the reduced price transparency surrounding the model’s market parameters. The Company manages its market exposure for OTC derivative products primarily by entering into offsetting derivative contracts or related financial instruments. The Company’s trading divisions and the Market Risk Department continuously monitor the price changes of the OTC derivatives in relation to the hedges. For a further discussion of the price transparency of the Company’s OTC derivative products, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Risk Management—Credit Risk” in Part II, Item 7A in the Form 10-K.

 

The Company employs control processes to validate the fair value of its financial instruments, including those derived from pricing models. These control processes are designed to assure that the prices used for financial reporting are based on observable market prices or market-based parameters wherever possible. In the event that market prices or parameters are not available, the control processes are designed to assure that the valuation approach utilized is appropriate and the assumptions are reasonable. These control processes include periodic review of the pricing model’s theoretical soundness and appropriateness by Company personnel with relevant expertise who are independent from the trading divisions. Additionally, groups independent from the trading divisions within the Controllers and Market Risk Departments participate in the review and validation of the fair values generated from pricing models, as appropriate. Where a pricing model utilizes historical and statistical analysis to determine fair value, recently executed comparable transactions are considered for purposes of validating assumptions underlying the model. Where the fair value of the transaction deviates significantly from the fair value derived from the model, the transaction fair value will be used to further refine the model’s input or statistical techniques in determining fair value in future periods. Consistent with market practice, the Company has individually negotiated agreements with certain counterparties to exchange collateral (“margining”) based on the level of fair values of the derivative contracts they have executed. Through this margining process, one party or both parties to a derivative contract provides the other party with information about the fair value of the derivative contract to calculate the amount of collateral required. This sharing of fair value information provides additional validation of the Company’s recorded fair value for the relevant OTC derivative products. For certain OTC derivative products, the Company, along with other market participants, contributes derivative pricing information to aggregation services that synthesize the data and make it accessible to subscribers. This information further validates the fair value of these OTC derivative products. For more information regarding the Company’s risk management practices, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk—Risk Management” in Part II, Item 7A of the
Form 10-K.

 

Transfers of Financial Assets.    The Company engages in securitization activities in connection with certain of its businesses. Gains and losses from securitizations are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income when the Company relinquishes control of the transferred financial assets in accordance with SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities—a replacement of FASB Statement No. 125” and other related pronouncements. The gain or loss on the sale of financial assets depends in part on the previous carrying amount of the assets involved in the transfer, allocated between the assets sold and the retained interests based upon their respective fair values at the date of sale.

 

In connection with its Institutional Securities business, the Company engages in securitization transactions to facilitate client needs and as a means of selling financial assets. The Company recognizes any interests in the transferred assets and any liabilities incurred in securitization transactions in its condensed consolidated statements of financial condition at fair value. Subsequently, changes in the fair value of such interests are recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of income. The use of different pricing models or assumptions could produce different financial results.

 

In connection with its Credit Services business, the Company periodically sells consumer loans through asset securitizations and continues to service these loans. The present value of the future net servicing revenues that the Company estimates it will receive over the term of the securitized loans is recognized in income as the loans are securitized. A corresponding asset also is recorded and then amortized as a charge to income over the term of the securitized loans. The securitization gain or loss involves the Company’s best estimates of key assumptions,

 

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including forecasted credit losses, payment rates, forward yield curves and appropriate discount rates. The use of different estimates or assumptions could produce different financial results.

 

Allowance for Consumer Loan Losses.    The allowance for consumer loan losses in the Company’s Credit Services business is established through a charge to the provision for consumer loan losses. Provisions are made to reserve for estimated losses in outstanding loan balances. The allowance for consumer loan losses is a significant estimate that represents management’s estimate of probable losses inherent in the consumer loan portfolio. The allowance for consumer loan losses is an allowance primarily applicable to the owned homogeneous consumer credit card loan portfolio that is evaluated quarterly for adequacy.

 

In calculating the allowance for consumer loan losses, the Company uses a systematic and consistently applied approach. The amount of the allowance is established through a process that begins with estimates of the losses inherent in the consumer loan portfolio based on coverage of a rolling average of historical credit losses. In addition, the Company regularly performs a migration analysis (a technique used to estimate the likelihood that a consumer loan will progress through the various stages of delinquency and ultimately charge-off) of delinquent and current consumer credit card accounts in order to determine the appropriate level of the allowance for consumer loan losses. The migration analysis considers uncollectible principal, interest and fees reflected in consumer loans. In evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for consumer loan losses, management also considers factors that may impact future credit loss experience, including current economic conditions, recent trends in delinquencies and bankruptcy filings, account seasoning, loan volume and amounts, payment rates and forecasting uncertainties. A provision for consumer loan losses is charged against earnings to maintain the allowance for consumer loan losses at an appropriate level. The use of different estimates or assumptions could produce different provisions for consumer loan losses (see “Credit Services—Provision for Consumer Loan Losses” herein).

 

Aircraft under Operating Leases.    Aircraft under operating leases are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the aircraft asset, which is generally 25 years from the date of manufacture. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” which the Company adopted on December 1, 2002, the Company’s aircraft are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the aircraft may not be recoverable. Under SFAS No. 144, the carrying value of an aircraft may not be recoverable if its projected undiscounted cash flows are less than its carrying value. If an aircraft’s projected undiscounted cash flows are less than its carrying value, an impairment charge based on the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of the aircraft is recognized. The fair value of the Company’s impaired aircraft is based upon valuation information obtained from independent appraisal companies. Estimates of future cash flows associated with the aircraft assets as well as the appraisals of fair value are critical to the determination of whether an impairment exists and the amount of the impairment charge, if any (see Note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements).

 

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INSTITUTIONAL SECURITIES

 

STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(dollars in millions)

 

    

Three Months

Ended February 28,


    

2003


    

2002


    

(unaudited)

Revenues:

               

Investment banking

  

$

503

 

  

$

603

Principal transactions:

               

Trading

  

 

1,425

 

  

 

957

Investments

  

 

(11

)

  

 

30

Commissions

  

 

415

 

  

 

492

Asset management, distribution and administration fees

  

 

22

 

  

 

25

Interest and dividends

  

 

3,166

 

  

 

3,179

Other

  

 

61

 

  

 

143

    


  

Total revenues

  

 

5,581

 

  

 

5,429

Interest expense

  

 

2,420

 

  

 

2,629

    


  

Net revenues

  

 

3,161

 

  

 

2,800

    


  

Non-interest expenses

  

 

2,194

 

  

 

1,953

    


  

Income before income taxes and dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

 

967

 

  

 

847

Provision for income taxes

  

 

327

 

  

 

295

Dividends on preferred securities subject to mandatory redemption

  

 

22

 

  

 

22

    


  

Net income

  

$

618

 

  

$

530

    


  

 

Institutional Securities net revenues were $3,161 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2003, an increase of 13% from the comparable period of fiscal 2002. Net income for the quarter ended February 28, 2003 was $618 million, an increase of 17% from the comparable period of fiscal 2002. The increases in net revenues and net income were primarily attributable to higher revenues from the Company’s fixed income sales and trading activities, which were partially offset by lower investment banking revenues. Net income in the quarter ended February 28, 2003 also reflected higher non-interest expenses, primarily due to higher compensation costs associated with a higher level of net revenues.

 

Investment Banking.    Investment banking revenues are derived from the underwriting of securities offerings and fees from advisory services. Investment banking revenues in the quarter ended February 28, 2003 decreased 17% from the comparable period of fiscal 2002. The decrease was due to lower revenues from merger, acquisition and restructuring activities and equity underwriting transactions, partially offset by higher revenues from fixed income underwriting transactions. The Company believes that the difficult economic and market conditions that currently exist are likely to continue to have an adverse impact on its investment banking activities in the foreseeable future.

 

Revenues from merger, acquisition and restructuring activities were $166 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2003, a decrease of 43% from the comparable period of fiscal 2002. The decrease primarily reflected an industry-wide decline in the volume of global merger and acquisition transaction activity. The market for such transactions continued to be negatively affected by the difficult global economic conditions and uncertainty in the global financial markets, as well as a heightened level of geopolitical concerns. In addition, the Company’s backlog of merger, acquisition and restructuring transactions remained at relatively low levels.

 

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Underwriting revenues were $337 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2003, an increase of 8% from the comparable period of fiscal 2002.

 

Equity underwriting revenues decreased primarily due to a lower volume of global equity offerings, as transaction activity across most industry sectors declined from the comparable prior-year period. In addition, for the first time since 1974, there were no initial public offerings priced in the month of January.

 

Fixed income underwriting revenues increased reflecting favorable conditions in the global fixed income markets, including tighter credit spreads and relatively low interest rates. These conditions contributed to higher revenues from investment grade corporate and municipal fixed income securities and interest rate derivative products.

 

Sales and Trading Revenues.    Sales and trading revenues are composed of principal transaction trading revenues, commissions and net interest revenues. In assessing the profitability of its business activities, the Company views principal trading, commissions and net interest revenues in the aggregate. In addition, decisions relating to principal transactions in securities are based on an overall review of aggregate revenues and costs associated with each transaction or series of transactions. This review includes an assessment of the potential gain or loss associated with a trade, including any associated commissions, and the interest income or expense associated with financing or hedging the Company’s positions.

 

The components of the Company’s sales and trading revenues are described below:

 

Principal Transactions.    Principal transaction trading revenues include revenues from customers’ purchases and sales of securities in which the Company acts as principal and gains and losses on the Company’s securities positions. The Company also engages in proprietary trading activities for its own account.

 

Commissions.    Commission revenues primarily arise from agency transactions in listed and over-the-counter equity securities and options.

 

Net Interest.    Interest and dividend revenues and interest expense are a function of the level and mix of total assets and liabilities, including financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased, reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, trading strategies, customer activity in the Company’s prime brokerage business, and the prevailing level, term structure and volatility of interest rates. Reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and securities loaned transactions may be entered into with different customers using the same underlying securities, thereby generating a spread between the interest revenue on the reverse repurchase agreements or securities borrowed transactions and the interest expense on the repurchase agreements or securities loaned transactions.

 

Sales and trading revenues include the following:

 

    

Three Months
Ended February 28,


    

2003


    

2002


    

(dollars in millions)

Equities

  

$

977

    

$

931

Fixed income (1)

  

 

1,662

    

 

1,123


(1) Amounts include interest rate products, foreign exchange, credit products and commodities.

 

Sales and trading revenues increased 29% in the quarter ended February 28, 2003, reflecting higher fixed income and equity sales and trading revenues.

 

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Equity sales and trading revenues increased 5% reflecting higher revenues from derivative equity products, which benefited from higher levels of market volatility. Higher revenues from certain proprietary trading activities also contributed to the increase. These increases were partially offset by lower revenues from cash equity products, reflecting the difficult conditions that existed in the U.S. equity markets, including net outflows of cash from equity mutual funds as compared to net cash inflows in the fiscal 2002 period, and lower trading volumes. Commission revenues also decreased due to lower volumes attributable to lower consumer confidence and dismal economic growth forecasts and due to an increase in electronic trading resulting in lower commissions.

 

Fixed income sales and trading revenues increased 48% to a record level. The increase was broad-based across the Company’s commodity, credit and interest rate product areas. The increase in commodity revenues was primarily due to the favorable conditions that existed in the energy markets, including the electricity, oil and natural gas sectors. Energy prices and price volatility rose sharply as a result of the geopolitical tension in the Middle East, harsh winter weather conditions and concerns over declining inventory levels of oil. The increase in credit products primarily reflected record revenues from investment grade fixed income securities, which benefited from a generally favorable trading environment, including a higher level of market liquidity due to increased investor demand and strong transaction volume from the fixed income primary market. The increase in interest rate products included higher revenues from government fixed income securities, which benefited from an improved trading environment as compared with the prior year period. In addition, escalating geopolitical tensions resulted in an increased demand for government fixed income securities.

 

In addition, sales and trading revenues include the net interest expense associated with the Company’s aircraft financing activities (see “Other” herein), as well as losses associated with the Company’s corporate lending activities. In the quarter ended February 28, 2003, sales and trading revenues associated with these activities increased reflecting lower interest costs associated with the Company’s aircraft financing activities, partially offset by modest losses in the Company’s corporate lending activities.

 

Principal Investments.    Principal transaction net investment losses aggregating $11 million were recorded in the quarter ended February 28, 2003 as compared with net gains of $30 million in the quarter ended February 28, 2002. The losses in the fiscal 2003 period primarily included unrealized losses in certain of the Company’s principal investments. Fiscal 2002’s results primarily included revenues from the Company’s real estate investments.

 

Securities purchased in principal investment transactions generally are held for appreciation and are not readily marketable. It is not possible to determine when the Company will realize the value of such investments since, among other factors, such investments generally are subject to sales restrictions. Moreover, estimates of the eventual realizable value of the investments involve significant judgment and may fluctuate significantly over time in light of business, market, economic and financial conditions generally or in relation to specific transactions.

 

Asset Management, Distribution and Administration Fees.    Asset management, distribution and administration fees include revenues from asset management services, primarily fees associated with the Company’s real estate investment activities.

 

Asset management, distribution and administration fees decreased 12% in the quarter ended February 28, 2003, primarily due to lower management fees associated with the Company’s real estate investment activities.

 

Other.    Other revenues consist primarily of net rental and other revenues associated with the Company’s aircraft financing business.

 

Other revenues decreased 57% in the quarter ended February 28, 2003 from the comparable period of fiscal 2002. The decrease was primarily due to the inclusion of a gain (of which $53 million was allocated to the Institutional Securities segment) related to the Company’s sale of an office tower in the fiscal 2002 period. The

 

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decrease was also due to a decline in revenues from the Company’s aircraft financing business, reflecting a decline in lease rates.

 

Net revenues from the Company’s aircraft financing business continue to be adversely affected by the slowdown in the commercial aircraft industry that began in 2001. Throughout fiscal 2002 and the first quarter of fiscal 2003, declining aircraft passenger volume and financial difficulties experienced by major airlines contributed significantly to a decline in lease rates for operating lessors, including the Company’s aircraft financing business. The Company currently expects these conditions to continue or to deteriorate further in the foreseeable future, especially in light of increased geopolitical tensions and the worsening operating environment for airlines.

 

Non-Interest Expenses.    Non-interest expenses increased 12% in the quarter ended February 28, 2003 from the comparable period of fiscal 2002. The majority of the increase was attributable to higher compensation and benefits expense, which increased 10%, principally reflecting higher incentive-based compensation costs due to a higher level of revenues and earnings. Excluding compensation and benefits expense, non-interest expenses increased 18%. Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees increased 8% due to higher brokerage costs associated with global securities trading volume. Other expenses increased 134% primarily due to increased costs associated with certain litigation matters and a $36 million charge to adjust the carrying value of previously impaired aircraft to market value (see Note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements).

 

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INDIVIDUAL INVESTOR GROUP

 

STATEMENTS OF INCOME